Chapter 3: anatomy

Question 1

Dendrites

Answer 1

Extensions of the cell body that usually serves as receiving areas for messages from other neurons.*PART OF NEURON

Question 2

Nucleus/cell body

Answer 2

The central part of the neurons that includes a nucleus. *PART OF NEURON

Question 3

Axon Terminal

Answer 3

Neurons branches that transmit messages to other neurons.*PART OF NEURON

Question 4

Synapse

Answer 4

The space between the axon of one neuron at a synapse.

*PART OF NEURON

Question 5

Terminal buttons

Answer 5

Tiny vessels containing stored quantities of the neurotransmitter substance held in the synaptic messages across the synapse. *PART OF NEURON

Question 6

Acetylcholine

Answer 6

A neurotransmitter used by somatic neurons that contact the body’s large muscles. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 7

Dopamine

Answer 7

A neurotransmitter substance used by neurons in the brain that control large muscle movements and by neurons in pleasure and reward systems in the brain. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 8

Serotonin

Answer 8

A neurotransmitter used by systems of neurons believed to regulate sleep, dreaming, appetite, anxiety, depression, and the inhibition of violence. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 9

Norepinephrine

Answer 9

A neurotransmitter believed to be involved in vigilance and attention and released by sympathetic autonomic neurons and the adrenal glands. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 10

Glutamate

Answer 10

The most widespread excitatory neurotransmitter. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 11

Neuropeptides

Answer 11

A large group of neurotransmitters sometimes referred to as neuromodulators, as they appear to broadly influence the action of the other neurotransmitters. *NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 12

Endorphins

Answer 12

Block of pain. *NEUROTRANSMITTER