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Psychology > Chapter 3 and 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 and 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Sigmund Freud’s defense mechanisms?

A

Regression, Repression, Reaction Formation, Rationalization, Denial, Displacement, Compensation, Projection, Sublimation, Intellectualization, Introjection

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2
Q

What is regression?

A

Reverting back to a behavior that should have been outgrown

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3
Q

What is repression?

A

A traumatic event is too painful to acknowledge so it gets automatically pushed out of conscious awarness

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4
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

A person responds to something completely the opposite of how they truly feel

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5
Q

What is rationalization?

A

Justifying doing something one knows is wrong

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6
Q

What is denial?

A

The inability to face some painful reality

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7
Q

What is displacement?

A

Taking out one’s anger on someone who’s a safer target

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8
Q

What is compensation?

A

Making up for a real or perceived weakness by developing a strength in another area

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9
Q

What is projection?

A

Putting your own negative emotions on someone else

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10
Q

What is sublimation?

A

Channeling your negative impulses in a positive way

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11
Q

What is intellectualization?

A

Only coping with the cognitive aspect of a situation and being unable to recognize the emotional component

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12
Q

What is introjection?

A

Taking the values of some other person or group at the expense of developing your own values

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13
Q

What do defense mechanisms do?

A

They stunt emotional growth

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14
Q

How do cognitive distortions make us feel?

A

Worse

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15
Q

What is the problem with external validation?

A

It gives away personal power

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16
Q

What is altruism?

A

Giving something back, reciprocating

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17
Q

What is filtering?

A

When a person chooses to only focus on the negative aspect of a situation and overlooks the positive aspects

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18
Q

What is minimizing?

A

Where a person succeeds but chooses not to take credit for doing the work and attributes the success to an external cause

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19
Q

What is polarized thinking?

A

All or nothing thinking. Everything is wither perfect or terrible

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20
Q

What is catastrophizing?

A

To this person everything weighs the same, this person takes a small issue and magnifies it into a psychological crisis

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21
Q

What is personalization?

A

This person feels responsible;e for things that aren’t their fault and have nothing to do with them

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22
Q

What is labeling?

A

Judging oneself harshly because of unrealistic expectations of oneself

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23
Q

What is overgeneralization?

A

Holding extreme beliefs based on one experience

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24
Q

What is mind reading?

A

Assuming you know what others are thinking of you

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25
Q

The goal is not to have a stress free life…

A

But to be able to cope with the stressors you encounter

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26
Q

Stress is…

A

A product of my own creation

27
Q

What is our definition of stress?

A

An internal reaction to a real or perceived threat

28
Q

What is the difference between eustress and destress?

A

Eustress is a positive stress, it’s time limited, and it’s a motivation factor. Destress is negative and long term.

29
Q

What is the problem with emotion focused coping?

A

There is no resolution, you are not focusing on the actual problem

30
Q

What is another name for this class?

A

The psychology of self improvemnt

31
Q

What is the mission statement of this class?

A

To know yourself better

32
Q

What is our definition of success?

A

Success lies in the effort, not in the outcome

33
Q

What is the one thing nobody can take from you?

A

Your integrity

34
Q

What are the 2 types of exercises?

A

Cardiovascular exercise and strength training

35
Q

What is your BMR?

A

The rate that your body burns calories (Basal Metabolic Rate)

36
Q

How many calories does one pound of muscle burn?

A

50 calories

37
Q

How many calories does one pound of fat burn?

A

3 calories

38
Q

Name the benefits of cardiovascular exercise

A

Lower resting heart rate, lower blood pressure, expands blood vessels and increases blood flow, increases lung capacity and strength, reduces risk of dementia, increases stamina and endurance, increases self esteem

39
Q

Name the benefits of strength training

A

Increases bone density, speeds up BMR, strengthens immune system, increases self esteem

40
Q

The goal is not to have a stress free life…

A

but to be able to cope with the stress you encounter

41
Q

What is our definition of stress?

A

An internal reaction to a real or perceived threat

42
Q

What is the difference between eustress and destress?

A

Eustress is a positive, short term stress, a motivator. Destress is negative, long term, chronic stress

43
Q

When does stress exist?

A

When you choose to create it

44
Q

What chemicals does you body release during fight or flight?

A

Adrenaline, cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine

45
Q

What can be dangerous about fight or flight?

A

If your body doesn’t burn off the chemicals with physical exertion, it could damage the brain (hippocampus, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex)

46
Q

What is a Type A personality?

A

Someone who is perfectionistic, driven, and goal oriented

47
Q

What is a Type B personality?

A

Someone who is relaxed, easy going, and copes with stress better

48
Q

What is our definition of learning?

A

A relatively permanent change in behavior and/or mental processes caused by experience

49
Q

What are other names for experience?

A

Frames of reference, history, lenses

50
Q

What are the 2 types of learning?

A

Operant and classical

51
Q

What theorist is associated with classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov

52
Q

What theorist is associated with operant conditioning?

A

Skinner

53
Q

What are the 2 rules of learning via operant conditioning?

A

1) The best predictor of future behavior is past behavior
2) Behavior that is not reinforced will not continue

54
Q

All behavior is…

A

Goal-oriented

55
Q

To effectively evaluate behavior you must…

A

Shed your own value system and view the situation from the other person’s perspective

56
Q

You can’t take away behavior without…

A

replacing it with something else

57
Q

What is reinforcement used for?

A

To increase or maintain the frequency of a desired behavior

58
Q

What is punishment used for?

A

To decrease or eliminate the frequency of an undesired behavior

59
Q

What is a primary reinforcer?

A

Something that we need (food, water)

60
Q

What is a secondary reinforcer?

A

Something material we want (good grades)

61
Q

What is a bootleg reinforcer?

A

an outside reinforcer that changes your behavior

62
Q

What are the rules for using punishment

A

1) Must be consistent
2) Must be in a timely manor
3) Must be administered with compassion
4) Should be predictable
5) Explanation needs to be given of what could be done differently next time

63
Q

Formula for classical conditioning

A

Neutral stimulus -> Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus -> Extinct
Unconditioned response -> Conditioned response

64
Q

What are the principles of operant conditioning?

A

Acquisition, Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Shaping

Psychology (1 decks)

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