Chapter 3 and 6

Question 1

What are Sigmund Freud’s defense mechanisms?

Answer 1

Regression, Repression, Reaction Formation, Rationalization, Denial, Displacement, Compensation, Projection, Sublimation, Intellectualization, Introjection

Question 2

What is regression?

Answer 2

Reverting back to a behavior that should have been outgrown

Question 3

What is repression?

Answer 3

A traumatic event is too painful to acknowledge so it gets automatically pushed out of conscious awarness

Question 4

What is reaction formation?

Answer 4

A person responds to something completely the opposite of how they truly feel

Question 5

What is rationalization?

Answer 5

Justifying doing something one knows is wrong

Question 6

What is denial?

Answer 6

The inability to face some painful reality

Question 7

What is displacement?

Answer 7

Taking out one’s anger on someone who’s a safer target

Question 8

What is compensation?

Answer 8

Making up for a real or perceived weakness by developing a strength in another area

Question 9

What is projection?

Answer 9

Putting your own negative emotions on someone else

Question 10

What is sublimation?

Answer 10

Channeling your negative impulses in a positive way

Question 11

What is intellectualization?

Answer 11

Only coping with the cognitive aspect of a situation and being unable to recognize the emotional component

Question 12

What is introjection?

Answer 12

Taking the values of some other person or group at the expense of developing your own values

Question 13

What do defense mechanisms do?

Answer 13

They stunt emotional growth

Question 14

How do cognitive distortions make us feel?

Answer 14

Worse

Question 15

What is the problem with external validation?

Answer 15

It gives away personal power

Question 16

What is altruism?

Answer 16

Giving something back, reciprocating

Question 17

What is filtering?

Answer 17

When a person chooses to only focus on the negative aspect of a situation and overlooks the positive aspects

Question 18

What is minimizing?

Answer 18

Where a person succeeds but chooses not to take credit for doing the work and attributes the success to an external cause

Question 19

What is polarized thinking?

Answer 19

All or nothing thinking. Everything is wither perfect or terrible

Question 20

What is catastrophizing?

Answer 20

To this person everything weighs the same, this person takes a small issue and magnifies it into a psychological crisis

Question 21

What is personalization?

Answer 21

This person feels responsible;e for things that aren’t their fault and have nothing to do with them

Question 22

What is labeling?

Answer 22

Judging oneself harshly because of unrealistic expectations of oneself

Question 23

What is overgeneralization?

Answer 23

Holding extreme beliefs based on one experience

Question 24

What is mind reading?

Answer 24

Assuming you know what others are thinking of you

Question 25

The goal is not to have a stress free life...

Answer 25

But to be able to cope with the stressors you encounter

Question 26

Stress is...

Answer 26

A product of my own creation

Question 27

What is our definition of stress?

Answer 27

An internal reaction to a real or perceived threat

Question 28

What is the difference between eustress and destress?

Answer 28

Eustress is a positive stress, it's time limited, and it's a motivation factor. Destress is negative and long term.

Question 29

What is the problem with emotion focused coping?

Answer 29

There is no resolution, you are not focusing on the actual problem

Question 30

What is another name for this class?

Answer 30

The psychology of self improvemnt

Question 31

What is the mission statement of this class?

Answer 31

To know yourself better

Question 32

What is our definition of success?

Answer 32

Success lies in the effort, not in the outcome

Question 33

What is the one thing nobody can take from you?

Answer 33

Your integrity

Question 34

What are the 2 types of exercises?

Answer 34

Cardiovascular exercise and strength training

Question 35

What is your BMR?

Answer 35

The rate that your body burns calories (Basal Metabolic Rate)

Question 36

How many calories does one pound of muscle burn?

Answer 36

50 calories

Question 37

How many calories does one pound of fat burn?

Answer 37

3 calories

Question 38

Name the benefits of cardiovascular exercise

Answer 38

Lower resting heart rate, lower blood pressure, expands blood vessels and increases blood flow, increases lung capacity and strength, reduces risk of dementia, increases stamina and endurance, increases self esteem

Question 39

Name the benefits of strength training

Answer 39

Increases bone density, speeds up BMR, strengthens immune system, increases self esteem

Question 40

The goal is not to have a stress free life...

Answer 40

but to be able to cope with the stress you encounter

Question 41

What is our definition of stress?

Answer 41

An internal reaction to a real or perceived threat

Question 42

What is the difference between eustress and destress?

Answer 42

Eustress is a positive, short term stress, a motivator. Destress is negative, long term, chronic stress

Question 43

When does stress exist?

Answer 43

When you choose to create it

Question 44

What chemicals does you body release during fight or flight?

Answer 44

Adrenaline, cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 45

What can be dangerous about fight or flight?

Answer 45

If your body doesn't burn off the chemicals with physical exertion, it could damage the brain (hippocampus, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex)

Question 46

What is a Type A personality?

Answer 46

Someone who is perfectionistic, driven, and goal oriented

Question 47

What is a Type B personality?

Answer 47

Someone who is relaxed, easy going, and copes with stress better

Question 48

What is our definition of learning?

Answer 48

A relatively permanent change in behavior and/or mental processes caused by experience

Question 49

What are other names for experience?

Answer 49

Frames of reference, history, lenses

Question 50

What are the 2 types of learning?

Answer 50

Operant and classical

Question 51

What theorist is associated with classical conditioning?

Answer 51

Pavlov

Question 52

What theorist is associated with operant conditioning?

Answer 52

Skinner

Question 53

What are the 2 rules of learning via operant conditioning?

Answer 53

1) The best predictor of future behavior is past behavior 2) Behavior that is not reinforced will not continue

Question 54

All behavior is...

Answer 54

Goal-oriented

Question 55

To effectively evaluate behavior you must...

Answer 55

Shed your own value system and view the situation from the other person's perspective

Question 56

You can't take away behavior without...

Answer 56

replacing it with something else

Question 57

What is reinforcement used for?

Answer 57

To increase or maintain the frequency of a desired behavior

Question 58

What is punishment used for?

Answer 58

To decrease or eliminate the frequency of an undesired behavior

Question 59

What is a primary reinforcer?

Answer 59

Something that we need (food, water)

Question 60

What is a secondary reinforcer?

Answer 60

Something material we want (good grades)

Question 61

What is a bootleg reinforcer?

Answer 61

an outside reinforcer that changes your behavior

Question 62

What are the rules for using punishment

Answer 62

1) Must be consistent 2) Must be in a timely manor 3) Must be administered with compassion 4) Should be predictable 5) Explanation needs to be given of what could be done differently next time

Question 63

Formula for classical conditioning

Answer 63

Neutral stimulus -> Conditioned stimulus Unconditioned stimulus -> Extinct Unconditioned response -> Conditioned response

Question 64

What are the principles of operant conditioning?

Answer 64

Acquisition, Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Shaping