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Veterinary Medical Terminology > Chapter 3: Bones, Joints and Muscles > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Bones, Joints and Muscles Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

Bone tissue

A

Osseous tissue

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2
Q

Process of bone formation

A

Ossification

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3
Q

Bone cell that forms bone tissue

A

Osteoblast

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4
Q

Bone cell that absorbs and removes bone tissue

A

Osteoclast

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5
Q

Bone cell

A

Osteocyte

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6
Q

Thin layer of cartilage covering the surface of bones at a joint

A

Articular cartilage

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7
Q

Most abundant mineral in the body

A

Calcium

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8
Q

Spongy or porous bone found at the ends of long bones and in the inner portions of long bones

A

Cancellous bone

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9
Q

Structural protein making up the white fibrous strands found in bone

A

Collagen

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10
Q

Hard, dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bone

A

Compact bone

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11
Q

Shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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12
Q

Inner lining of bone

A

Endosteum

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13
Q

Cartilaginous region of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place

A

Epiphyseal plate

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14
Q

Each end of a long bone

A

Epiphysis

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15
Q

Central, hollowed-out portion in the shaft of a long bone that contains yellow bone marrow

A

Medullary cavity

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16
Q

Flared portion of a long bone between epiphyseal plate and diaphysis

A

Metaphysis

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17
Q

Membrane surrounding bone

A

Periosteum

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18
Q

Found in cancellous bone and site of hematopoeisis

A

Red bone marrow

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19
Q

Found in the diaphysis of bone and consists of fatty tissue

A

Yellow bone marrow

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20
Q

Examples of these bones are: femur, tibia, radius, metacarpals

A

Long bones

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21
Q

Examples of these bones include the carpals and tarsals

A

Short bones

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22
Q

Examples of these bones are: scapula, ribs and bones of pelvis and skull

A

Flat bones

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23
Q

Small bones embedded in tendons

A

Sesamoid bones

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24
Q

Vertebrae are what type of bone?

A

Irregular bones

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25
Bone found in the penis of some carnivores
Os penis
26
Bone found in the nose of pigs
Os rostri
27
Bone found in the heart of ruminants
Os cordis
28
Hereditary condition in which the bones and cartilage of limbs fail to grow to normal size
Achondroplasia
29
Removal of limb or other appendage
Amputation
30
Deposit of calcium salts in tissue
Calcification
31
Bone deposit formed at the ends of a bone fracture; absorbed as fracture is repaired and replaced by true bone
Callus
32
Procedure to dissolve a protion of the center of an intervertebral disc (IVD) to treat a herniated IVD
Chemonucleolysis
33
Crackling sounds produced by the grating of broken bones
Crepitation
34
Loss of calcium salts in bones and teeth
Decalcification
35
Displacement of a bone from its joint
Dislocation
36
Sudden breaking of bone
Fracture
37
Abnormal protrusion of an IVD into the neural cavity or spinal nerves
Herniation of IVD
38
Act of preventing a bone from being moved
Immobilization
39
Abnormal, increased, dorsal curvature of the spine
Kyphosis | "Hunchback"
40
Removal of part of the vertebral arch to relieve pressure from a ruptured IVD
Laminectomy
41
Downward or ventral curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordosis | "Swayback"
42
Branch of surgery dealing with the skeletal system
Orthopedic
43
Decreased bone density due to loss of bone tissue
Osteoporosis
44
Correction of a fracture
Reduction
45
Piece of dead bone tissue that has separated from healthy bone tissue during necrosis (cell death)
Sequestrum
46
Joint between atlas and axis "No joint"
Atlanto-axial joint
47
Joint between atlas and occipital "Yes joint"
Atlanto-occipital joint
48
Joint consisting of carpal bones
Carpus | "Wrist"
49
Joint between pelvis and the femur
Coxofemoral joint | "Hip"
50
Joint between femur and the tibia (stifle joint)
Femorotibial joint | "Stifle"
51
Joint where the humerus meets the radius and ulna
Humeroradioulnar joint | "Elbow"
52
Joint between the sacrum and ilium
Sacroiliac joint
53
Joint between the scapula and humerus
Scapulohumeral joint | "Shoulder"
54
Joint consisting of tarsal bones
Tarsus | "Hock"
55
Where two or more bones come together
Articulation
56
Sac of fluid near a joint that acts as a lubrication to ease friction between tissues
Bursa
57
Connective tissue that binds bone to bone
Ligament
58
Space between bones at a synovial joint which contains synovial fluid
Synovial cavity
59
Viscous fluid within the synovial cavity that acts as a lubricant between bones
Synovial joint
60
Membrane lining the synovial cavity that produces synovial fluid
Synovial membrane
61
Connective tissue that binds muscle to bone
Tendon
62
Movement AWAY from midline of the body
Abduction
63
Movement TOWARD the midline of the body
Adduction
64
Backward bending (flexion)
Dorsiflexion
65
Increasing angle between two bones at a joint
Extension
66
Decreasing angle between two bones at a joint
Flexion
67
The act of turning the palmar or plantar surface downward
Pronation
68
The act of turning the palmar or plantar surface upward
Supination
69
Circular movement that turns a body part around a central point
Rotation
70
Fibrous band that connects two surfaces that are normally separate
Adhesion
71
Able to walk
Ambulatory
72
No development due to decrease from normal cell size
Atrophy
73
Increased development due to an increase in cell numbers
Hyperplasia
74
Excessive development due to increase in cell size
Hypertrophy
75
Incomplete development due to an increase in cell numbers
Hypoplasia
76
Looseness
Laxity
77
Muscle weakness
Myasthenia
78
Syndrome of muscular weakness that is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest
Myasthesnia gravis
79
Repetitive contractions of skeletal muscles that persist during sleep
Myoclonus
80
Disorder in which there is a delayed relaxation of a muscle after contraction
Myotonia
81
Inflammation of the tendon and tendon sheath
Tenosynovitis
82
Continuous muscle spasms or twitching
Tetany
83
Muscle tone; balanced muscle tension
Tonus

Veterinary Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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