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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

ACE Inhibitor

A

Perscription med that blocks the enzyme action that causes blood vessels to constrict causing elevated BP

AKA: medicine that lowers your BP by blocking action of ACE or ACEnzyme

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2
Q

anemia

A

lower than normal count of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood

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3
Q

aneurysm

A

a localized ballooon-like enlargmemnt of the arterial wall. Now leaves the artery wall weak in that local area.

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4
Q

angina

A

sever chest pain due to lack of blood flow to the myocardium (heart muscles)

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5
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel.

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6
Q

anticoagulent

A

medication that slows coagulation and prevents clots from forming.

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7
Q

aplastic anemia

A

a conidtion where the bone marrow has failed to produce any more erythrocytes or all formed blood cell elements.

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8
Q

arrythmia

A

loss of normal heartbeat rythm

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9
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque buildup in artery wall lining

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10
Q

atheroma

A

a deposit of plaque on or within arterial wall

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11
Q

atherosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening and narrowing of arteries due to cholesterol plaque buildup on artery walls

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12
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

Charecterized by having nomral rythmic atria contractions be replaced with uncontrolled twitching of the atrial myocardium

AKA: A-Fib

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13
Q

AED Machine

automated external defibrillator

A

electronic equipment that samples the hearts electrical rythm and externally shocks and restores the hearts nomral rythm when needed

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14
Q

Beta-Blocker

A

perscription med that reduces the heart’s workload by slowing down the heart rate.

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15
Q

blood dyscrasia

A

any pathologic condition or disorder of the cellular blood elements

Examples: anemia, hemophilia, blood clots, blood cancers, and sickle cel

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16
Q

bradycardia

A

abnomrally slow heart rate at rest

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17
Q

cardiac arrest

A

an event which the heart adruptly stops beating or develops an arrythmia preventing blood to pump effectively

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18
Q

cardiac catherization

A

diagnostic/treatment procedure where a catheter is passed into a vein or an artery and is guided into the heart.

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19
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

term used to described all diseases of the hearts muscle

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20
Q

carotid endarterectomy

A

surgical portioning and removal of the carotid artery lining that has been clogged by plaque leading up to the brain

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21
Q

cholesteral

A

fatty substance that travels through the body and is found in all parts of the body

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22
Q

chronic venous insufficiency

A

condition where venous circulation is inadequate due to blockage or leakage

inadequate blood delivery back to the heart

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23
Q

coronary artery disease

A

atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces blood supply to the heart muscles.

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24
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

damage to the heart muscle due to a thrombus blocking a cornary artery.

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25
defibrilation | AKA Cardioversion
the use of electrical shock to restore the heart'snormal rythm; AKA cardioverion
26
diuretic
Rx med used to stimulate the kidneys release of urine to decrease excess sodium and waer in the blood/body. Less fluid in result decreases the hearts workload and BP
27
electrocardiogram
a recording of the eletrical activity of the myocardium
28
embolism
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
29
embolus
a foreign object (clot, gas/air, or tissue) that is circulating in the blood
30
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
31
erythrocytes
mature red blood cells produced by red bone marrow
32
hemoglobin
the oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes
33
hemolytic anemia
condt. where an inadequate amount of RBC are circulating due to premature destruction by the spleen.
34
hemostasis
to stop or control bleeding
35
leukemia
type of cancer characterized by progressive increase in 3 of abnormal leukocytes (WBC) found in blood forming tissue, other organs, and circulating in blood.
36
leukocytes
mature WBC that are involved in defending the body from infective organisms and foreign substances.
37
leukopenia
a decrease in the # of disease-fighting WBC circulating in the blood
38
megaloblastic anemia
blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal
39
myeldysplastic syndrome
type of cancer where there are insufficent production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.
40
# AKA: Heart Attack myocardial infarction
the occlusion (blockage) of one or more coronary arties caused by plaque build up
41
orthostatic hypotension
low BP that occurs upon standing up: also known as postural hypotension
42
pericardium
the doule-walled membranous sac that protects and encloses the heart
43
pernicious anemia
form of anemia casued by lack of protein that absors vitamin b-12. b-12 is necessary for the formation of RBC.
44
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
45
Raynaud's disease
a peripherial arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
46
sepsis
a potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms enterign the bloodstream
47
sickle cell anemia
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape that interferes with normal blood flow.
48
tachycardia
abnormally rapid resting HR
49
temporal arteritis
form of vasculitis that can casue headaches, visual impariment, jaw pain, and other symptoms
50
thallium stress test
a diagnostic test performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart during exercise.
51
thrombocytopenia
a condition in which thereis an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood.
52
# AKA: clot busting drug/Rx thrombolytic
medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up.
53
thrombosis
The abnormal condition of having a thrombus
54
thrombotic occlusion
The blocking of an artery by a thrombus
55
thrombus
a blood clott attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery. Can can cause a severe occlusion (blockage)
56
transfusion reaction
a serious and potentially fatal reaction to a blood transfusion because donotr and reciepents blood type do not macth.
57
valvulitis
inflammation of a heart valve
58
varicose veins
abnormally swollen veins, usually occuring in the superficial veins of the legs.
59
ventricular fibrillation
the rapid, irregular, and usuless contractions of the ventricles
60

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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