Chapter 3 - Cells Flashcards
function of golgi apparatus
creates vesicles to enclose materials to be secreted; produces lysosomes.
structure of golgi apparatus
stacked, flat, single-membrane sacs
function of ribosome
location of protein synthesis
structure of ribosome
two subunits of RNA and protein synthesized in the nucleolus of eukaryotic cells
function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
synthesizes lipids; detoxifies drugs and poisons
structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
a single-membrane network
function of rough endoplasmic reticulum
produces proteins destined fro secretion from the cell
structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum
a single-membrane network covered with ribosomes
the cell wall of bacteria
protects the cell, gives bacteria distinct shapes, may contain a capsule. helps prevent the cell from bursting
transport proteins
ion moves in and out
receptor proteins
hormones bind here
enzymes
these proteins help cataylze chemical reactions
recognition proteins
a woman has a disorder causing her immune system to attack her own cells. She may have a problem with these proteins.
adhesion proteins
cells stick together
Which component of the cell theory argues against life on Earth evolving from inorganic molecules?
All cells come from pre-existing cells
Select all the components of cell theory as outlined by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow.
All cells come from preexisting cells
The cell is the fundamental unit of life
All organisms are made of one or more cells
Which of the following structures are found in all living cells? Select all that apply.
ribosomes;
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA);
ribonucleic acid (RNA);
proteins;
cell membrane
In plant cells, a central vacuole
Degrades molecules and organelles and maintains water pressure
What is the advantage of a mature red blood cell having a flattened shape rather than a spherical shape?
It maximizes the relative surface area for gas exchange
Why are cells called “the fundamental unit of life”?
All answers are correct
Some cells are separate living entities that can survive individually
All known organisms have one or more cells
Cells are the smallest unit of life that can function independently
Earliest life on Earth is hypothesized to have been single-celled.
The most prominent organelle in most eukaryotic cells, that contains most of its DNA, is the
Nucleus
How do cells avoid surface area limitations?
All of the choices are correct
Many microscopic extensions
Long and thing shape
Transportation system that circulates materials inside the cell
Flattened shape
Flagella can be
All of the answer choices are correct
Found on human sperm
Found on prokaryotic cells
Used for movement
Found on eukaryotic cell
A cytoskeleton is
All answers are correct
Found in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
Composed of microtubules and microfilaments
A structure that aids in the process of cell division
A system of tracks used for transport
