Chapter 3- Classification

Question 1

Assimilate

Answer 1

Take in and process

Question 2

Excrete

Answer 2

Get rid of waste

Question 3

Dead

Answer 3

Once alive but now not alive

Question 4

Non-Living

Answer 4

Not ever alive, as distinct from the dead

Question 5

Cryptobiosis

Answer 5

a state of suspended metabolism into which an organism enters in response to extreme adverse conditions until such time as conditions are favourable again, at which point normal metabolism is resumed

Question 6

Unicellular

Answer 6

Describes an organism having only one cell

Question 7

Multicellular

Answer 7

Having many cells. Most plants and animals are multicellular

Question 8

Protoctistan

Answer 8

Organism classified as belonging to the Protoctista Kingdom

Question 9

Prokaryotic

Answer 9

A type of cell in which there are no membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells do not contain a nuclues

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

Small particle that is able to grow and reproduce only inside living cells. The cells are destroyed as the virus leaves the cell. It is debatable wether a virus is a living organism

Question 11

Viroids

Answer 11

Smallest known infectious agent made up of very short pieces of naked RNA

Question 12

Prions

Answer 12

Abnormal and infectious proteins that cause a variety of degenerative neurological diseases

Question 13

Kingdoms

Answer 13

A scientific classification referring to a group of related phyla with similar features and distinctive characteristics

Question 14

Species

Answer 14

a group of animals with many features in common. Members of the same species can mate with each other to produce fertile young under natural conditions

Question 15

Etymology

Answer 15

the study of words, their origin and their grammar

Question 16

Binomial Nomenclature

Answer 16

the system of naming organisms developed by Linnaeus. The first term is the genus to which it belongs and the second term is a descriptive name

Question 17

Dichotomous

Answer 17

a diagram used to classify things, by grouping them into smaller and smaller groups that are more and more alike, based on choosing one of two features

Question 18

Vertebrates

Answer 18

Animals with no backbones

Question 19

Invertebrates

Answer 19

Animals without backbones

Question 20

Exoskeletons

Answer 20

Skeleton or shell that lies outside the body

Question 21

Endoskeleton

Answer 21

Skeleton or shell inside the body

Question 22

Radial Symmetry

Answer 22

a property of an object in which it is symmetrical about one axis

Question 23

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 23

symmetrical or looking the same along one plane

Question 24

Verterbrae

Answer 24

The small bones that make up the backbone in vertebrates

Question 25

Verterbral column

Answer 25

the spine, or backbone, made up of many small bones called vertebrae

Question 26

Placental mammal

Answer 26

the order of mammals in which the young grow inside the mother, receiving nutrition via a cord attached to the placenta, and are born at a well-developed stage

Question 27

Marsupials

Answer 27

The order of non-placental mammals that are born at a very early stage of development and then grow inside their mother’s pouch

Question 28

Monotremes

Answer 28

the order of non-placental mammals that lay leathery-shelled eggs and secrete milk through pores in the skin

Question 29

Arthropods

Answer 29

Animal that has an exoskeleton, a segmented body and jointed legs (e.g. insects, crabs)

Question 30

Proboscis

Answer 30

A long feeding tube attached to the head of some insects. It sometimes rolls up when not in use.

Question 31

Entomological

Answer 31

Relating to insects

Question 32

Tracheophyta

Answer 32

Plants with a vascular system

Question 33

Vascular tissue

Answer 33

Structures which transports liquids

Question 34

Xylem

Answer 34

xylem tissue carries water and minerals from the roots of plants to all other parts of the plant. It consists of long hollow tubes made up of the remains of dead cells

Question 35

Phloem

Answer 35

cells carry the food made in the leaves to all parts of the plant