Chapter 3 History Test Flashcards

Question

Battle of Lexington

Answer 1

~Also known as "shot heard around the world" ~Came before Battle of Concord ~Redcoats outnumbered Patriots by large amount (Redcoats: 700 Patriots: 70) ~Shot fired, both sides blamed the other ~8 minutemen dead, 1 redcoat wounded ~British continued to Concord

Answer 2

~Redcoats destroyed ammunition depot ~Burned courthouse & blacksmith shop ~British got attacked by minutemen on the route home (surprise attack)

Answer 3

~Green Mt. Boys: joined forces of Benedict Arnold (400 men) and Ethan Allen took Fort Ticonderoga and many weapons ~Meanwhile: 1. Minutemen (led by Colonel William Prescott pinned redcoats stationed inside Boston 2. Colonial troops dug in at Bunker Hill 3. Redcoats tried to climb hill but got mowed down twice 4. Redcoats won, but more wounded than colonists ~Colonists realized they had a chance/could win

Answer 4

~George Washington prepares his army for war. (They lacked discipline.) ~Plans an attack on Boston ~Night of March 1776 he moved his cannons and soldiers overlooking Boston. 1. Bombarded Boston from Nooks Hill until British General William Howe forced to retreat by boat. ~Boston back in colonial control!!!!

Answer 5

We hold these truths to be self-evident That all men are created equal That their creator endows them with certain unalienable rights That among these are life liberty and the pursuit of happiness

Answer 6

impossible to take away or give up

Answer 7

~ document formally announcing colonies break from Britain ~Thomas Jefferson= main author ~VOTED in on July 2nd, 1776 ~APPROVED on July 4th 1776 ~Ideas: 1. All men have unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness) 2. King George violated colonists rights 3. Colonies had right to break away (King George III broke social contract, idea government + rules protect citizens)

Answer 8

Argued that: 1. Citizens not queen/kings (monarchy) should makes laws ~Hereditary succession is wrong 2. Right to economic independence/freedom 3. Right to military defense 4. Cried out against tyranny (abuse of government power)

Answer 9

~Formal request to King George for peace ~King George denied it

Answer 10

when someone gets to be king/queen from their bloodline

Answer 11

~Signed declaration of independence ~Represented Pennsylvania for the first Continental Congress ~In charge of post office set up during Second Continental Congress

Answer 12

~General in British army ~got bombarded by Washington’s troops in the Siege of Boston

Answer 13

~combined forces with Ethan Allen to make Green Mountain Boys in Battle of Bunker Hill ~failed to attack N.Y. from Canada

Answer 14

~Wampanoag leader ~fighting began between him and NE colonists ~killed but ignited a war for land (French and Indian War)

Answer 15

~leader of Indian People

Answer 16

~Preached that there should be “no taxation without representation.” ~Created committee of correspondence- served as a way for leaders to meet and discuss new British laws ~Inspired colonist to protest “British soldiers are our forein enemies” ~Used the death of Crispus attucks as a propaganda ~Represented massachusetts for the first continetal congress

Answer 17

~Defended the soldiers ~Argued that it was self defense ~Boston jury agreed and claimed not guilty ~2 officers charged with accietal killing were branded on thumb “M” of murder and were released ~Helped calm people down but for a short time ~Represented massachusetts for the first continental congress

Answer 18

~President of Second Continental Congress ~wealthy merchant ~funded Sons of Liberty ~Wrote his name the biggest on the Declaration of Independence (did this because he wanted the king to know he wasn’t afraid of him; basically gave Britain the middle finger)

Answer 19

Secret organization of American patriots including Samuel Adams who resisted the British crown through protests and sometimes violence.

Answer 20

Boycotted, urged colonists to wear homemade fabrics

Answer 21

~Dockworker ~African/Native American ~First colonist to be killed in all of the 13 colonies

Answer 22

~Became governor of Massachusetts during Coercive Acts ~Received orders from king to destroy all of colonial militia weapons; March from Boston to Concord

Answer 23

~a member of the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence

Answer 24

~German mercenaries that fought alongside British troops

Answer 25

~Represented Virginia in the first Continental Congress ~In charge of Continental Army

Answer 26

1. Virginia Governor commanded George Washington to take out French Fort Duquesne 2. Washington built for necessity 3. Forced to surrender from incoming french and native attack 4. Defeat marks start of Seven-year war

Answer 27

~leader of the minutemen ~pinned down British soldiers stationed inside Boston during Battle of Bunker hill

Answer 28

joined forces of Benedict Arnold (400 men) and Ethan Allen who took Fort Ticonderoga and the large supply of weapons

Answer 29

leader of the Green mountain boys and captured Fort Ticonderoga

Answer 30

Rushed off to sound the alarm that "the British are coming" when Thomas Gage assigned to destroy ammunition

Answer 31

Rushed off to sound the alarm that "the British are coming" when Thomas Gage assigned to destroy ammunition with Paul Revere and Samuel Prescott

Answer 32

~only one to reach Concord ~Rushed off to sound the alarm that "the British are coming" when Thomas Gage assigned to destroy ammunition

Answer 33

Wife of John Adams; Wanted women to be equal to men

Answer 34

stated in the Declaration that all men have the right to pursue life, liberty, and the pursuit of property

Answer 35

~Wrote Common Sense, about independence from England

Answer 36

~Argued the legality of the Stamp Act. ~Had a famous speech called “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death.” ~Virginia lawyer ~Another famous speech: “the distinctions between virginians, pennsylvanians, new yorkers, and englanders are no more. I am not a virginian, but an American”

Answer 37

~Great writer and thinker ~main author of Declaration of Independence ~Present at 2nd Continental Congress

Answer 38

1. French and Indian War 2. Treaty of Paris 3. Proclamation of 1763 4. Sugar Act 5. Stamp Act 6. Stamp Act Congress 7. Stamp Act repealed 8. Declaratory Act 9. Townshend Act 10. Boston Massacre 11. Townshend Act repealed 12. Tea Act 13. Boston Tea Party 14. Coercive Acts 15. Quebec Act

Answer 39

1. Start: ~Virginia Governor commanded George Washington to take out Fort Duequesne ~Washington built Fort Necessity to prepare for siege ~forced to surrender from incoming french and native attack ~WASHINGTON'S DEFEAT MARKS START 2. They both fought for the Ohio river valley since it was in control of the fur trade 3. The Treaty of Paris ended the war

Answer 40

They were in dept from French and Indian War.

Answer 41

1. Sugar Act 2. Stamp Act 3. Quartering Act 4. Declaratory Act 5. Townshend Acts 6. Tea Act 7. Coercive Act 8. Quebec Act

Answer 42

~Taxed imported goods like sugar and molasses on colonies, ~colonists had to list all goods ships carried, the list had to be approved before leaving dock, ~act allowed officers to seize goods without going to court, ~to stop smuggling courts had no jury and people were treated guilty until proven innocent CAUSE: first act passed specifically to raise money EFFECT: colonist felt exploited and began to organize resistance

Answer 43

~1765 law requiring colonists to pay for a stamp or seal that would go on paper items (legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, playing cards), if you didn’t pay you would get fined or jailed CAUSE: 1st attempt from England to raise money by taxing colonists DIRECTLY EFFECT: Began to protest (ex. Patrick Henry argued to House of Burgesses in Virginia the legality of the Stamp Act; “No taxation without representation” ~Repealed

Answer 44

~Required colonists to provide housing, food, and drink to British troops. CAUSE: pay off less debt from war EFFECT: British soldiers abuse this authority and colonists get angry

Answer 45

~Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever” CAUSE: attempt to remind colonists that Parliament holds power EFFECT: Colonists protested; Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty created

Answer 46

Placed taxes on imported commodities (glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea) CAUSE: Britain needed money and wanted to express their authority EFFECT: Colonists protested; Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty were created

Answer 47

Gave British East India Company total control of price of tea, governor demanded tea unloaded and taxes payed CAUSE: Britain needs to pay off debt from war EFFECT: Locals couldn’t compete with the prices, 3 E.I.C. ships loaded with tea in Boston port… Sons of Liberty demanded they leave. Boston Tea Party

Answer 48

~Boston Harbpr closed until Boston paid for tea, ~governor decided when legislature could meet now, ~royal officials sent to britain for trail, ~general thomas gage became new governor of Massachusetts CAUSE: punishment for Boston Tea Party EFFECT: Colonists boycotted and the First Continental Congress was created

Answer 49

~Created a government for Canada and extended its territory south to Ohio River ~ignored colonies' claim to that region CAUSE: to display British power EFFECT: angered colonists

Answer 50

~John Adams (Cousin of Sam) defended the soldiers. ~Argued it was self-defense. ~Boston jury agreed. ~Not guilty ~2 officers charged with accidental killing (branded on thumb “M for murder” and released). ~showed that colonies could hold fair trials, and it calmed people down (only for a short time)

Chapter 3 History Test Flashcards

(74 cards)