Chapter 3 Labor, Delivery, and Physiologic changes after Birth

Question 1

A term used to describe the pregnant female

Answer 1

Gravida

Question 2

A term used to describe a female who is pregnant for the first time

Answer 2

Primigravida

Question 3

A term used to describe a female who has had multiple pregnancies

Answer 3

Multigravida

Question 4

A term used to describe a female who has never been pregnant

Answer 4

Nulligravida

Question 5

TPAL

Answer 5

T-The number of termed births (above 37 weeks)
P- The number of premature births (Less than 37 weeks)
A-The number of abortions or miscarriages
L-The number of living children

Question 6

Parity

Answer 6

The number of previous live births

Question 7

Gravida always includes the current pregnancy

Answer 7

Para only indicates the number of successful viable births

Question 8

G4P2012 indicates what?

Answer 8

A patient pregnant with her fourth child, who has two living term children and one miscarriage.

Question 9

The process of giving birth is called what?

Answer 9

Parturition

Question 10

What are the 5 distinct events that make up the birth process?

Answer 10

1. Rupture of the membranes
2. Dilation of the cervix
3. Contraction of the uterus
4. Separation of the uterus
5. Shrinking of the uterus

Question 11

The actual date of delivery may vary how many weeks either way?

Answer 11

Either 2 weeks before or 2 weeks after the estimated date of delivery.

Question 12

The duration of delivery can vary based on what factor?

Answer 12

Whether the mother is Primigravida or Multigravida

Question 13

A term that describes false labor contractions

Answer 13

Braxton-Hicks

Question 14

Stage 1 of Labor

Answer 14

Begins with the onset of the first true contractions that gradually increase in strength.
-10 to 15 minutes apart and 30 to 90 seconds.
-Ends when the cervix is completely dilated and effaced. This occurs between 7 and 12 hours in the multigravida and 16 and 18 hours in the primigravida.

Question 15

Stage 2 of Labor

Answer 15

The actual delivery of the fetus.
-Stage 2 can last from 20 mins to 2 hours and be within normal range

Question 16

Stage 3 of Labor

Answer 16

The expulsion of the placenta.
-Can take 5 to 45 minutes to achieve

Question 17

The stretching or thinning of the cervix is called what?

Answer 17

Effacement
-Measured as a percentage
-At 100% effacement, the cervix is imperceptible against the uterine wall.

Question 18

The widening of the cervix

Answer 18

Dilation

Question 19

Engagement or Stations

Answer 19

The station is the location of the head as it relates to the level of the head to the ischial spines on the maternal pelvis.
-The head is said to be engaged in the birth canal when it reaches the spines, or a station of 0.

Question 20

The rate of premature labor in high-risk patients averages

Answer 20

40 percent

Question 21

What percent of pregnancies end in premature labor?

Answer 21

12 percent

Question 22

The process of stopping labor

Answer 22

Tocolysis
-Can be accomplished by the use of Beta sympathomimetic adrenergic drugs that relax the smooth muscle contraction
-Most common are Terbutaline and Ritodrine

Question 23

Maternal side effects of Adrenergic drugs:

Answer 23

Tachycardia
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia
Anxiety
Nausea
Vomiting

Question 24

Fetal side effects of Adrenergic drugs:

Answer 24

Tachycardia
Hyperglycemia

Question 25

Fetuses exposed to ( ) are large for their gestational age.

Answer 25

Hyperglycemia