Chapter 3 Linguistics Flashcards
(25 cards)
Phonology
The study of the sound system of a language, how the sounds contrast in each language to form and integrated system of encoding language.
allophone
One of a set of noncontrastive realizations of the same phoneme
phoneme
A class of speech sounds identified by a native speaker as the same sound,
free variation
Term used to refer to two sounds that occur in overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words
obstruents
A natural class of sounds produced with an obstruction of the airflow in the oral cavity while the nasal cavity is closed out.
assimilation
A process by which a sound becomes more likely a nearby sound in terms of some features.
dissimilation
Process by which two nearby sounds become less alike with respect to some features
deletion in speech production
A production error involving the inadvertent omission of a sound
What sound does the vowel /i/ make?
/i/ makes the “e” sound
What words have the /i/ vowel in it?
Be, see, eat and key
The vowel /I/ is in which words?
Hid, limp, list
The vowel /e/ is in which words?
Obey, locate, operate
The vowel /ɛ/ is in which words?
Head, bet, ferry
The vowel/æ/ is in which words?
Had, bad, hammer
The vowel /a/ makes the “i” sound. What words is it in?
High, buy, sign
The vowel /ɝ/ makes what sound?
Her, sir, learn
Environment of a sound
The sounds that immediately precede and follow it within a word
Sound substitution
A process whereby sounds that already exist in a language are used to replace sounds that do not exist in the language
free variation
Term used to refer to 2 sounds that occur in overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of the word
Frication
A turbulent, hissing, mouth noise that is produced by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the vocal tract
Fricative
Sound made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the airstream so that when air passes through the small passage, turbulent airflow is produced.
Glide
Sounds produced with the constriction in the vocal tract that is only slightly more constricted than that of vowels
Vowel harmony
A back vowel becomes front when preceded by a front vowel in the same word.
Aspiration
Voiceless stops become aspirated when they occur at the beginning of a stressed syllable.
