Chapter 3: Matter and Energy

Question 1

• is the material that makes up all things.
• is anything that has mass and occupies space

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

Matter is classified according to its composition

Answer 2

1. Pure substances
2. Mixtures

Question 3

The pure substance matter is divided into :

Answer 3

1. elements
2. compounds

Question 4

The pure substance matter is divided into :

Answer 4

1. Homogenous
2. heterogenous

Question 5

___ a type of matter that have a fixed or definite
composition

Answer 5

Pure substances

Question 6

____ contain two or more different
substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

Answer 6

Mixtures

Question 7

an ______ that is composed
of one type of atom.

Answer 7

element

Question 8

a ______ that is
composed of two or more
elements always combined in
the same proportion

Answer 8

compound

Question 9

____ are pure substances that contain only one type of material

Answer 9

Elements

Question 10

A ______ contains two
or more elements in a
definite ratio

Answer 10

compound

Question 11

____ is a type of
matter that consists of
two or more substances
that are physically mixed
but not chemically
combined.

Answer 11

Mixture

Question 12

It is a substances that can be
separated by physical
methods

Answer 12

Mixture

Question 13

In_____ the composition is uniform throughout. Also. the different parts of the mixture are not visible.

Answer 13

homogeneous mixture

Question 14

In a ______ the composition varies from one part of the mixture to another. Also, the different parts of the mixture are visible

Question 15

The evaporation
of water from
seawater gives
white, solid
crystals of salt
called ____

Answer 15

sodium
chloride

Question 16

___ have a definite shape and volume, the particles are close. in fixed arrangements, and the particles that move very slowly.

Answer 16

Solid

Question 17

It has a definite
volume but takes the
shape of its container.

Answer 17

Liquid

Question 18

It has the same shape as their
container and the particle are close together but mobile.

Answer 18

Liquid

Question 19

It has indefinite shape and volume, it takes up the shape and volume of their container. The particles move very fast.

Answer 19

Gases

Question 20

____ are characteristics observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance

Answer 20

Physical properties

Question 21

Physical properties includes the following:

Answer 21

a. shape,
b. physical state
c. boiling and freezing points
d. density
e. and color of the substance.

Question 22

Copper has these physical
properties:

Answer 22

• reddish-orange color
• shiny
• excellent conductor of heat and electricity
• solid at 25 °C
• melting point 1083 °C
• boiling point 2567 ° C

Question 23

A physical change occurs
in a substance if there is:

Answer 23

• a change in the state.
• a change in the physical
  shape.
• no change in the identity and composition of the
  substance.

Question 24

It describes the ability of
a substance to interact with other substances and to change into a new substance.

Answer 24

Chemical properties

Question 25

During a chemical change, a new substance forms that has:

Answer 25

a. a new composition. b. new chemical properties c. new physical properties.

Question 26

___ is used to measure body temperature.

Answer 26

Thermometer

Question 27

is a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to another object.

Answer 27

Temperature

Question 28

indicates the heat flow from the object with a higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature

Answer 28

Temperature

Question 29

The temperature scales are __ and __

Answer 29

Fahrenheit (°F) and Celsius (°C)

Question 30

The temperature difference between boiling and freezing of water are divided into smaller units called ____

Answer 30

Degrees

Question 31

On the Celsius scale, there are _____ between the boiling and freezing points of water.

Answer 31

100 degrees

Question 32

On the Fahrenheit scale, there are _____ between the boiling and freezing points of water

Answer 32

180 degrees

Question 33

Scientists have learned that the coldest temperature possible is ____

Answer 33

−273 °C

Question 34

There are ___ Celsius between the freezing and boiling points of water.

Answer 34

100 degrees

Question 35

On the Kelvin scale, this is called ____ and is represented as 0 K

Answer 35

absolute zero

Question 36

There are ____ Fahrenheit between the freezing and boiling points of water

Answer 36

180 degrees

Question 37

What is the formula for Fahrenheit to Celsius?

Answer 37

°C = (°F - 32) × 5/9

Question 38

What is the formula for Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Answer 38

F = (9/5C )+ 32

Question 39

Matter undergoes a ____ when it is converted from one state to another state

Answer 39

change of state

Question 40

A substance is ___ while it changes from a solid to a liquid at its melting point (mp).

Answer 40

melting

Question 41

A substance is ___ while it changes from a liquid to a solid at its freezing point (fp)

Answer 41

freezing

Question 42

Water has a freezing (melting) point of _____

Answer 42

0 °C

Question 43

The ____ is the amount of heat released when 1 g of liquid freezes (at its freezing point).

Answer 43

heat of fusion

Question 44

The is the amount of heat needed to melt 1 g of solid (at its melting point)

Answer 44

heat of fusion

Question 45

The heat released during freezing = heat needed during melting

Answer 45

heat of fusion per 1g of solid or liquid

Question 46

Water ___ when molecules on the surface gain sufficient energy to form a gas

Answer 46

evaporates

Question 47

Water ___ when gas molecules lose energy and form a liquid.

Answer 47

condenses

Question 48

During ______molecules of the liquid are converted to gas at the surface of the liquid.

Answer 48

evaporation

Question 49

When water is _____, all the water molecules acquire enough energy to form a gas (vaporize).

Answer 49

boiling

Question 50

During _____, molecules of the liquid are converted to gas throughout the liquid as well as at the surface.

Answer 50

boiling

Question 51

When sublimation occurs, the particles on the surface of the solid change directly to a ___

Answer 51

vapor

Question 52

When_____ occurs, the particles on the surface of the solid change directly to a vapor

Answer 52

sublimation

Question 53

When sublimation occurs, there is no change in ____

Answer 53

Temperature

Question 54

When deposition occurs, gas particles change directly to a ___

Answer 54

solid

Question 55

When ______ occurs, gas particles change directly to a solid

Answer 55

deposition

Question 56

It is used to prepare freeze-dried foods for long-term storage.

Answer 56

Sublimation

Question 57

Sublimation is used to prepare ____

Answer 57

freeze-dried foods for long-term storage

Question 58

The heat of vaporization is the amount of heat absorbed to ____

Answer 58

1. absorbed to change 1 g of liquid to gas at the boiling point. 2. released when 1 g of gas changes to liquid at the boiling point.

Question 59

The heat of vaporization for water (boiling point 100 °C) is ___

Answer 59

the heat absorbed when 1 g of water changes to steam.

Question 60

The heat of condensation for water is ___

Answer 60

the heat released when 1 g of steam changes to water.

Question 61

The ___ is the heat absorbed when 1 g of water changes to steam

Answer 61

heat of vaporization for water

Question 62

The heat of condensation for water is the ____

Answer 62

heat released when 1 g of steam changes to water

Question 63

On a heating curve, ____ indicate changes in temperature for a physical state,

Answer 63

diagonal lines

Question 64

On a heating curve, ____ indicate change of state

Answer 64

horizontal lines

Question 65

____ diagrams the temperature increases and changes of state as heat is added

Answer 65

heating curve

Question 66

A sloped line on a heating curve represents

Answer 66

a temperature change.

Question 67

A plateau (horizontal line) on a heating curve represents

Answer 67

a constant temperature and a change of state

Question 68

Water condenses at a temperature of ___

Answer 68

100 °C

Question 69

At a temperature of 0 °C, liquid water

Answer 69

freezes

Question 70

When water freezes, heat is ___

Answer 70

removed

Question 71

A ______ for water illustrates the change in temperature and changes of state as heat is removed.

Answer 71

cooling curve

Question 72

A cooling curve for water illustrates the ___

Answer 72

change in temperature and changes of state as heat is removed