Chapter 3 Matter-Properties and Changes Flashcards
Physical property
Characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition.
Examples- Density, color, odor, taste, hardness melting point, and boiling point
Substance
Matter that has uniform and unchanging composition. Aka (pure substance)
Examples- water, salt
Extensive property
Dependent on the amount of substance present.
Intensive Property
Independent of the amount of substance present.
Chemical property
The ability of a substance to combine with or change into another substance.
Law of conservation of mass
Mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
Mass reactants = Mass products
Mixture
A combination of pure substances where each pure substance retains its individual chemical property.
Heterogeneous mixture
Does not blend smoothly throughout and individual substances remain distinct.
Homogeneous mixture
Has constant composition throughout and it always has a single phase.
Solutions
Homogeneous mixtures
Filtration
A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid.
Crystallization
A separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance.
Distillation
A separation technique that is based on the differences in the boiling points of the substances involved.
Chromatography
A technique that separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.
Element
Is a pure substances that cannot be separated by physical or chemical means.
