Chapter 3: Molecules Of Life

Question 1

What are organic compounds?

Answer 1

molecules that consist mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 2

functional groups?

Answer 2

atom or small molecular group covalently bonded to a carbon atom

Question 3

how do cells link monomers to form polymers?

Answer 3

condensation reaction (dehydration)

Question 4

four classes of macromolecules?

Answer 4

carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids

Question 5

monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

monosaccarides (simple sugars)

Question 6

monomers of nucleic acids?

Answer 6

nucleotides

Question 7

monomers of proteins?

Answer 7

amino acids

Question 8

structures of proteins?

Answer 8

Primary: order of amino acids, Secondary: helix structure, Tertiary: overall shape of single polypeptide, Quaternary: shape of multiple polypeptides

Question 9

monomers of lipids?

Answer 9

nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules

Question 10

features of saturated fats?

Answer 10

solid at room temp, mostly animal sources, maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Question 11

features of unsaturated fats?

Answer 11

liquid at room temp, plant sources, fewer than max number of H atoms