Chapter 3 Stoichiometry and the Combination of Fuels Flashcards
Properties of Gas
- low density
- fills the space available, because particles move independently from each other
- compresses easily
- mix together rapidly
Volume
- the amount of space that a substance occupies
- calculated by 1xwxd of a regular solid. Otherwise it can be determined by finding the volume water displaced by the substance
The mass of gas
less than solid and liquid in the same volume
Kinetic Molecular Theory Characterisitcs
• gases are composed of small particles, either atoms or molecules
• the volume of the particles in a gas is very small compared with the volume they
occupy. most of the volume occupied by a gas is empty space
• gas particles move rapidly in random, straight-line motion
• particles collide with each other and with the walls of the container
• the forces between particles are extremely weak
• kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of motion
- Kinetic Energy (Ek) can be transferred from one particle to another but total Ek remains constant
• The average kinetic energy of the particles increases as the temperature of the
gas increases.
Kinetic Molecular Theory Definition
A theory that aims
to explain the behaviour of gases by assuming
gases are composed of a large number of
particles in random motion, these particles
move in straight lines and have elastic collisions,
the gas particles are very small and there is no
attraction between the particles and the average
kinetic energy of the gas particles is related to
the temperature of the gas.
Kinetic Energy Formula
KE = 1/2mv^2
KE in joules
m in grams
v in m/s
Characteristics of KE in KMT
In a gas, when particles collide, the kinetic energy of the gas particles can be
transferred from one particle to another, but the total kinetic energy remains
constant. Therefore, collisions between gas particles are described as elastic
collisions—kinetic energy is conserved.
What is elastic collision?
there is no loss of kinetic energy
Volume of gas equals?
the volume of container
pressure
- the force exerted per unit area of a surface by the particles of a gas as they collide with each other and the walls of a container
The gas pressure exerted depends…
on the number of collisions between molecules and the walls of the container
Partial Pressure
pressure exerted by the individual gases in a mixture
Total pressure of a mixture of gases is the…
sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases
How do you calculate pressure?
P=F/A
F (Force) in N (Newtons
A (Area) in m^2
P in N m-2 = 1Pa
Pascal (Pa) is?
1 N/m^2
