Chapter 3- Supplementary Materials

Question 1

Apparent age

Answer 1

Age based on evidence obtained by indirect means

Question 2

Archaeology

Answer 2

The scientific study of the material remains of the past human life and activities

Question 3

Daughter product

Answer 3

A new element formed as a result of radioactive decay

Question 4

Ejecta (volcanic)

Answer 4

Material blown out in the eruption of a volcano

Question 5

Fiat creation

Answer 5

Brought into existence by Divine command

Question 6

Half-life

Answer 6

The time needed for one half of the atoms of a radioactive substance to decay

Question 7

Inorganic

Answer 7

Pertaining to things from non living sources

Question 8

Isotope

Answer 8

Atoms of the same element, but with different numbers of neutrons

Question 9

Lunar

Answer 9

Pertaining to the moon

Question 10

Meteorite

Answer 10

A celestial body that enters the earths atmosphere and hits the surface.

Question 11

What does the Principle of Uniformity state?

Answer 11

“The present is the key to the past”

Question 12

Radioactive decay

Answer 12

The process of on element becoming another by giving off particle or rays

Question 13

Radiometric age

Answer 13

The age determined by comparing the amount of radioactive parent elements and its stable daughter product present in the sample

Question 14

Radiometric dating

Answer 14

The measurement of geologic time by means of the rate of disintegration of radioactive elements

Question 15

Salinity

Answer 15

Th concentration of salt in solution

Question 16

Sedimentation

Answer 16

The depositing of silt, mud, sand, and gravel by wind or water.

Question 17

4 common daughter pairs?

Answer 17

Uranium-238 Lead-206
Potassium-40 Argon-40
Rubidium-87 Strontium-87
Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14

Question 18

Radioactivity

Answer 18

The natural process of unstable elements changing into another element that is no longer radioactive

Question 19

4 things give off during radioactivity

Answer 19

Alpha particles
Beta particles
Gamma rays
X-rays

Question 20

Is the half life of an element predictable or subject to change?

Answer 20

Predictable

Question 21

What kind of material would you date, using the Carbon-14 method?

Answer 21

Anything organic with Carbon in it (Plants, animals, people, rocks,.. etc

Question 22

Two events which are known to have changed the ratios of radioactive and non- radioactive carbon in the atmosphere?

Answer 22

The industrial revolution

The hydrogen bomb

Question 23

If there is a Uranium to Lead decay sequence, which is one is the Daughter Product?

Answer 23

Lead

Question 24

What is a hydrogen bomb?

Answer 24

From 1954 to around 1963, trees all over the world
sucked in extra dollops of Carbon-14. All trees around the world that were alive in 1954 have a marker in them that shows that they went through a huge ‘spike’ in Carbon-14

Question 25

What are the two weak assumptions that radiometric dating is based on?

Answer 25

1. The assumption that the clock was reset to zero 2. The assumption that the system under study has remained closed to outside elements, and that is impossible because we weren’t present during the event and able to immediately isolate the sample from its surroundings.

Question 26

What is the Palermo Stone and Ebla tablet?

Answer 26

They are the oldest written historical records.

Question 27

What are the only records that span the entire history of life?

Answer 27

The Holy Bible and some other religious writings

Question 28

What ages do we get for the earth in the Bible?

Answer 28

Anywhere from 6,000-7,700 years

Question 29

What dos science say about the age of the earth?

Answer 29

That it is millions of years old

Question 30

Who founded the principle "the present is the key to the past"?

Answer 30

James Hutton

Question 31

What is a reason for the conflicting ages of the earth?

Answer 31

The failure of the assumptions to account for "storms"

Question 32

An element is said to be radioactive if it is.....

Answer 32

Capable of spontaneously changing into another element through the emission of a charge particle

Question 33

What is the original radioactive element?

Answer 33

The Parent isotope

Question 34

What atomic number does an element have to be greater than to be atomic?

Answer 34

83

Question 35

What is Tritium half life?

Answer 35

12.33 years

Question 36

What does Radioactive decay end?

Answer 36

When a non radioactive element is formed