Chapter 3: Technology and Information Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the 4 industrial revolutions?
[1] Mechanization [2]Mass Production [3] Computers and Automation [4] Digital Asset Revolution
What is the Digital asset revolution?
Advances in AI, Robotics, 3D printing, autonomous vehicles, biotech and connectivity. Its a development of the 3rd industrial revolution.
What are the 12 emerging technologies?
AI, Big Data, Autonomous Vehicles, The cloud, Process Automation, Custom Manufacturing (3D Printing), Connected Devices, Robotics, Social Media, Blockchain, BI Programs and Increased device mobility.
Define: Data, Knowledge, Information, Explicit Knowledge and Tacit Knowledge.
Data: A raw fact e.g height , Knowledge: Information in someone’s head ready for use , Information: Data with meaning e.g mean height , Explicit Knowledge: Information thatis captured and searchable , Tacit Knowledge: Intangibles like charisma or people skills.
What does the ACCURATE acronym for good information stand for?
Accurate, Complete, Cost Beneficial, User Targeted, Relevant, Authoritative, Timely, Easy (To use).
How do data needs vary across an organisation?
Top Directors: Need historical data, forecasts, competitor info all simplified in BI to make decisions.
Middle Managers: Mix of needs between that of directors and operational staff.
Operational Staff: Internal historical data for recording transactions and making simple decisions.
IT makes sure right data goes to right places.
What are the 4 choices an IT team has to make?
Configuration, Wired or WIFI or 4G, Local or Cloud, Centralised on Decentralised.
What are the configuration options available to IT?
Network Type can be either LAN (Local Area Network needing wires and connections on site) or WAN (Wide Area Network which are combined local networks that should be encrypted or secured to ensure data is not stolen by third parties).
Why are wired connections becoming less common?
They are now only needed in high security settings so remote employees can used wireless options in combination with a VPN.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloud storage?
Advantages: Remote Access, Easier Maintenance, Easier to roll out updates, Cheaper software licenses.
Disadvantages: Users require internet to access, cloud storage host company needs access to data which brings security risks.
What are Centralised and Decentralised Systems?
Centralised: A central computer does all the processing and a personal user pc can only connect to act as a end user interface for input.
Decentralised: All computers do their own processing.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a centralised system?
Advantages: Easier to safeguard, Cheaper, central data storage point, less compatibility issues.
Disdvantages: Slower and less flexible, breakdown of one machine stops the operation.
What is the difference between the internet and the web?
The internet is a vast network of communicating computers and the web is a way of accessing web pages using browsing tools.
What are intranets and extranets?
Intranets are internal internets and Extranets are intranets with access to another organizations intranet.
What is Big Data?
Large datasets that can be analysed to reveal patterns, trends and associations in human behavior and interactions.
What are the 3 (or 4) V’s of Big Data?
Volume (To big to easily process), Velocity (Data arrives continually), Variety (Structure, Source and Size varies). The 4th is Veracity (The data’s context and prevalence).
What types of data are stored to have such a large volume (Big Data)?
Retail (Purchase Details), Social Media (Interaction Details), Mobile Data (Texts, Browsing, Location), Banking (Transactions) and Internet Providers (Browsing History).
What is the difference between structured and unstructured data?
Structured: Defined fields, lengths and structure already cleaned into a relational database.
Unstructured: Erratically shaped from a variety of sources that requires manipulation to be useful.
Why does velocity of dealing with big data matter?
So that the output is still relevant when it is created, e.g. targeted ads need to be for events that still have tickets on sale etc.
What software is used specifically to deal with bug Data and how does it work?
‘Apache Hadoop’ : It uses data mining, forecasting, text analytics, voice analytics, statistical analysis to deal with the large variety of data sources.
What is ETL and what is it used for?
Extraction, Transformation and Loading is the three step process of creating a relationship model in BI to enable analytics.
How can BI give you a full picture?
By creating comparison graphs of not only your present but also your past and future as well as similar maps for your competitors and market leaders.
What are the key dangers of Big Data?
Cost (Of hardware, training and software), Regulation (Information acts), Loss/Theft of Data (Safeguard lawsuits), Incorrect data (Uniformed decisions), Employee monitoring (Creates stressful environment).
What does the UK data protection act state?
Data should be held for no longer than needed, those involved can see their data and amend any changes at all times.
