Chapter 3 vocabulary

Question 1

migration

Answer 1

a form of relocation diffusion that involves a permanent move to a new location

Question 2

mobility

Answer 2

all types of movements between locations

Question 3

circulation

Answer 3

short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis

Question 4

emigration

Answer 4

migration from a location

Question 5

immigration

Answer 5

migration to a new location

Question 6

net migration

Answer 6

the difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

Question 7

migration transition

Answer 7

a change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produces the demographic transition

Question 8

international migration (esp. intercontinental)

Answer 8

permanent movement from one country to another

Question 9

voluntary migration

Answer 9

permanent movement undertaken by choice

Question 10

forced migration

Answer 10

permanent movement, compelled by cultural or environmental factors

Question 11

internal migration

Answer 11

permanent movement within a particular country

Question 12

interregional migration

Answer 12

permanent movement from one region of a country to another

Question 13

cyclic movement

Answer 13

shorter periods away from home (commuting)

Question 14

nomadism

Answer 14

movement along a definite set of places; cyclic movement but the cycle is predetermined and repeated (sometimes seasonally)

Question 15

activity space

Answer 15

daily routine where someone goes through a regular sequence of short moves within a local area

Question 16

seasonal migration (aka “periodic”)

Answer 16

movement for a specific part of the year and then movement back

Question 17

transhumance

Answer 17

a seasonal periodic movement of pastoral ranchers and their livestock between areas of high and low elevation

Question 18

intraregional migration (esp. rural-urban)

Answer 18

permanent movement within one region of a country

Question 19

counterurbanization

Answer 19

net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

Question 20

pull factor

Answer 20

a factor that induces people to move to a new location

Question 21

push factor

Answer 21

a factor that induces people to move out of their present location

Question 22

refugee

Answer 22

someone who is forced to migrate from his or her home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of his or her race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion

Question 23

internally displaced person (IDP)

Answer 23

someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border

Question 24

asylum seeker

Answer 24

someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee

Question 25

floodplain

Answer 25

an area subject subject to flooding during a given number of years, according to historical trends

Question 26

desertification

Answer 26

degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions such as excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting

Question 27

guest worker

Answer 27

a term once used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of a higher-paying job

Question 28

remittances

Answer 28

Transfer of money by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated

Question 29

intervening obstacle

Answer 29

an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration`

Question 30

quotas

Answer 30

in reference to migration, a law that places a maximum limit on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year

Question 31

brain drain

Answer 31

large-scale emigration by talented people

Question 32

step migration

Answer 32

migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages

Question 33

chain migration

Answer 33

migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

Question 34

unauthorized immigrants

Answer 34

a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

Question 35

undocumented immigrant

Answer 35

the term preferred by some of the groups that advocate for more rights for these individuals

Question 36

illegal alien

Answer 36

the term preferred by some of the groups that favor tougher restrictions and enforcement of immigration laws

Question 37

circular migration

Answer 37

the temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment