Chapter 3.1 Flashcards
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of the molecules of an object
Absolute zero
When the temperature is zero on the Kelvin scale
Thermal equilibrium
When two bodies are in contact with each other and at the same temperature
Heat
Energy that is transferred from one body to another as a result of a difference in temperature
Internal energy
The total random kinetic energy of the particles of a substance, plus the total inter-particle potential energy of the particles
How can the internal energy of a system change?
By adding or taking out heat, or as a result of work performed
Specific heat capacity
The energy required to increase the temperature of a unit mass of the body by one kelvin
Formula for amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a body by T degrees
Q = mcT
The four types of change of phase
Melting
Freezing
Vaporization/Boiling
Condensation
Melting
When a solid changes to a liquid
Freezing
When a liquid changes into a solid
Vaporization/Boiling
When a liquid changes into vapor
Condensation
When a vapor changes into a liquid
Formula for energy required to change the phase of a mass
Q = mL
Specific latent heat of fusion
The amount of energy required to melt or freeze a unit mass at constant temperature
