Chapter 3.1 - From Algae To Terrestrial Plants

Question 0

What is the singular of algae?

Answer 0

Alga

Question 1

How many phylas of algae are there?

Answer 1

6 phyla’s of algae

Question 2

What are algae a member of? Which kingdom?

Answer 2

Protista

Question 3

Are algae unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 3

Both

Question 4

Multicellular algae are called what?

Answer 4

Seaweeds

Question 5

What are seaweeds classified into?

Answer 5

3 phylas based on their colour; brown, red and green

Question 6

What other kingdom contains multicellular photosynthetic members ?

Answer 6

Plant kingdom

Question 7

What is the evolutionary link between plants and algae?

Answer 7

Green algae

Question 8

What is an algae?

Answer 8

A unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic aquatic protist

Question 9

How many unicellular, plant-like Protists are there in algae? What are they?

Answer 9

3; dinoflagellates, diatoms, euglenoids

Question 10

How many phyla of seaweeds are there? What are they named?

Answer 10

3; based on colour, brown,red or green

Question 11

Phyla of dinoflagellates? How many species? Single or multi celled?

Answer 11

Pyrrophytes
1000 species
Unicellular

Question 12

Phyla of red algae? # of species? Simple or multi cellular?

Answer 12

Rhodophytes
6000 species
Multicellular

Question 13

Phyla of brown algae? # of species? Simple or multi cellular?

Answer 13

Phaeophytes
1500 species
Multicellular

Question 14

Phyla of diatoms? # of species? Simple or multi cellular?

Answer 14

Chrysophytes
10000 species
Unicellular

Question 15

Phyla of green algae? # of species? Simple or multi cellular?

Answer 15

Chlorophytes
7000 species
Multicellular

Question 16

Phyla of euglenoids? # of species? Simple or multi cellular?

Answer 16

Euglenophytes
800 species
Unicellular

Question 17

brown algae are the largest and probably most complex Protists? T or f

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What seaweed is most abundant enough to be key components of marine and tidal environments?

Answer 18

Brown algae

Question 19

List 2 Examples of brown algae?

Answer 19

Kelp & rock weed

Question 20

Brown algae has true leaves or roots? T or f

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Brown algae has specialized tissue? T or f

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is a holdfast?

Answer 22

Structure that anchors the algae to a hard structure

Question 23

Example of a hold fast?

Answer 23

A shell

Question 24

A long stem like structure is called ??

Answer 24

Stipe

Question 25

A Stipe extends from the ??

Answer 25

Holdfast

Question 26

Brown algae have leaf-like blades used to collect what?

Answer 26

Light, and take in CO2 and give off O.

Question 27

What seaweed is the first multicellular organism? 1.5-1.2billion years ago?

Answer 27

Red algae

Question 28

What algae can grow to a metre in length? And the most abundant LARGE algae in the warm coastal waters of tropical oceans?

Answer 28

Red algae

Question 29

Does red algae have green chlorophyll?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What other pigment does red algae have?

Answer 30

Phycoerythrin

Question 31

Phycoerythrin is sensitive to light waves, t or f?

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Why does red algae appear red to the eyes?

Answer 32

Light-sensitive pigments reflect red wavelengths of light

Question 33

Red algae is economically important how?

Answer 33

Preserves food

Question 34

Most green algae aren't aquatic, t or f?

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Where are green algae most commonly found?

Answer 35

Fresh water while some live in saltwater environments

Question 36

Is green algae structurally diverse?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What are chlamydomonas?

Answer 37

Green algae, unicellular and move about using flagella

Question 38

What is a volvox?

Answer 38

Green algae, unicellular and flagellated

Question 39

What is a ulva?

Answer 39

Can grow a metre in length,green algae, 2 cell walls thick, produces spores that swim using flagella

Question 40

What is the most plant-like of the algae?

Answer 40

Green algae

Question 41

How are green algae and plants alike?

Answer 41

They have the same types of chlorophyll, same colour, cell walls contain cellulose and they store food reserves in the form of starch, DNA is similar

Question 42

Why chlorophyll types does green algae and plants have?

Answer 42

Chlorophyll a and b

Question 43

How do other kingdoms store food?

Answer 43

As glycogen

Question 44

What is a plant ?

Answer 44

Multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes with cellulose-based cell walls

Question 45

What is a major step in plant evolution?

Answer 45

Transition from aquatic to terrestrial

Question 46

How do plants reproduce?

Answer 46

Using an embryo

Question 47

What is an embryo?

Answer 47

An organisms early ore-birth stage of development. Small, simple, multicellular that are dependant on the parent plant for a time

Question 48

What are spirit reproduction?

Answer 48

Sexual reproduction that alternates between a gamete-making individual and a spore-making individual

Question 49

What is a gametophyte?

Answer 49

The haploid plant in approximately reproduction that produces gametes by mitosis

Question 50

What is a sporophyte

Answer 50

The diploid plant in approximately reproduction that produces spores by meiosis

Question 51

What was a limitation to the first land plants?

Answer 51

Did not have tissues that allowed the transport of different materials over long distances

Question 52

What are the two types of vascular tissues?

Answer 52

Xylem and phloem

Question 53

What is a xylem?

Answer 53

Carries water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. Consist of dead tube-shaped cells that contain a tough material called lignin. Login foes xylem forms a firm structure that allows water and minerals to be transported through out the plant

Question 54

Fortification of xylem with lignin lowed the development of ??

Answer 54

Trees and first forests

Question 55

What are phloem tissues?

Answer 55

Living cells that are arranged in tubular form and used to transport larger molecules including sugars

Question 56

Vascular tissues allowed the evolution of??

Answer 56

Roots

Question 57

What do roots do?

Answer 57

Provide strong anchoring ability and cells specialized in absorbing and transporting water and minerals

Question 58

Leaves evolved after the creation of what?

Answer 58

Vascular tissues

Question 59

What do leaves do?

Answer 59

Increase surface area of the plant allowing for a better exchange of gases in photosynthesis and a larger surface for capturing sunlight

Question 60

What's another name for spirit reproducion?

Answer 60

Alternation of gerneration

Question 61

What does alternation of generation mean?

Answer 61

That there are actually two multi cellular staves in the life cycle

Question 62

What is the haploid version if the organism called?

Answer 62

Gametophyte

Question 63

Gametophytes produce haploid gametes by meiosis? T or f

Answer 63

False. Haploid gametes are produced by mitosis.

Question 64

Haploid cells contain how many sets of chromosomes?

Answer 64

One set

Question 65

What happens when gametes fuse?

Answer 65

They develop into the diploid version of the organism called SPOROPHYTE

Question 66

How many sets of chromosomes does a diploid have?

Answer 66

Two sets.

Question 67

Sporophytes produce spores by meiosis which develop into____?

Answer 67

Haploid gametophyte