Chapter 31: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Question 1

type of asthma severity: no interference with ADLs

Answer 1

intermittent

Question 2

type of asthma severity: continuous symptoms

Answer 2

severe persistent

Question 3

classification of COPD: FEV1 <30% predicted

Answer 3

GOLD 4 (very severe)

Question 4

type of asthma severity: symptoms >2 days/week, not daily

Answer 4

mild persistent

Question 5

type of asthma severity: FEV1 >80%

Answer 5

intermittent, mild persistent

Question 6

classification of COPD: FEV1 30-50% predicted

Answer 6

GOLD 3 (severe)

Question 7

type of asthma severity: may affect ADLs

Answer 7

mild persistent

Question 8

peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in the red zone

Answer 8

<50% of personal best

Question 9

status asthmaticus: ________________ monitoring is critical

Answer 9

hemodynamic

Question 10

management of COPD: stop ________

Answer 10

smoking

Question 11

management of COPD: ______ therapies

Answer 11

drug

Question 12

type of asthma severity: FEV1 and FVC reduced by 5%

Answer 12

moderate persistent, severe persistent

Question 13

asthma treatment involves eliminating ____________, ________ therapy, _________________ plan, _________________, _____________ test, __________________ position, and ________________ ventilation (as required).

Answer 13

triggers, drug, Asthma Action, desensitization, asthma control, semi to high Fowler’s, mechanical

Question 14

type of asthma severity: some limitations to ADLs

Answer 14

moderate persistent

Question 15

asthma can predispose patients to these three complications

Answer 15

pneumonia
worse episodes of influenza
tension pneumothorax

Question 16

defining feature of COPD

Answer 16

airflow limitation not fully reversible during forced exhalation

Question 17

type of asthma severity: 3-4 nighttime awakenings per month

Answer 17

mild persistent

Question 18

type of asthma severity: >1 nighttime awakenings per week (not nightly)

Answer 18

moderate persistent

Question 19

type of asthma severity: brief flare ups that vary in intensity

Answer 19

intermittent

Question 20

type of asthma severity: more frequent flareups

Answer 20

moderate persistent

Question 21

patients with status asthmaticus need this immediate treatment

Answer 21

mechanical ventilation

Question 22

management of COPD: long-term _____ if indicated

Answer 22

O2

Question 23

type of asthma severity: FEV1 60-80%

Answer 23

moderate persistent

Question 24

COPD: goal of oxygen therapy is to keep SaO2 >___%

Answer 24

90

Question 25

type of asthma severity: >2 nighttime awakenings per month

Answer 25

intermittent

Question 26

diagnostic assessment of asthma includes these four things

Answer 26

spirometry peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) chest X-ray pulse oximetry

Question 27

COPD: surgery that involves placing multiple 1-way valves by bronchoscopy in the airways leading to the diseased parts of the lung

Answer 27

bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR)

Question 28

type of asthma severity: normal FEV1 between attacks

Answer 28

intermittent

Question 29

management of COPD: nutrition _____________

Answer 29

supplements

Question 30

to decrease dyspnea and conserve energy, patients with COPD should rest for _____________ and use a __________________ before eating

Answer 30

30 minutes, bronchodilator

Question 31

five nonmodifiable risk factors for COPD

Answer 31

aging genetics gender (men) alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) history of asthma

Question 32

type of asthma severity: FEV1 <60%

Answer 32

severe persistent

Question 33

peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in the yellow zone

Answer 33

50-79% of personal best

Question 34

status asthmaticus: continuous ______________ infusions and ____________ can help decrease work of breathing and promote synchrony with the ventilator

Answer 34

analgesic, sedation

Question 35

management of COPD: progressive _________ plan

Answer 35

exercise

Question 36

COPD: goal of this surgery is to reduce the size of the lungs by removing some of diseased lung tissue so that remaining healthy lung tissue can perform better

Answer 36

lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS)

Question 37

COPD patients should avoid exercise and treatments for at least _____________ before and after eating

Answer 37

1 hour

Question 38

management of COPD: _________________ techniques, ____________ exercises and ___________

Answer 38

airway clearance, breathing, retraining

Question 39

this drug has a vasodilator effect that may be given to patients with very low FEV1 or peak flow or to those who do not respond to initial treatment

Answer 39

IV magnesium sulfate

Question 40

type of asthma severity: often restricts ADLs

Answer 40

severe persistent

Question 41

two most severe complications of asthma

Answer 41

acute respiratory failure status asthmaticus

Question 42

COPD: meals should be _________ and ____________, containing ____________, _____________, and ___________.

Answer 42

small, frequent (5-6 meals/day), fresh fruits, whole grains, vegetables

Question 43

two breathing techniques that can be used with COPD

Answer 43

pursed lip breathing diaphragmatic breathing

Question 44

management of COPD: hydration of ______ per day if not contraindicated

Answer 44

2-3 L

Question 45

type of asthma severity: daily symptoms

Answer 45

moderate persistent

Question 46

classification of COPD: FEV1 ≥80% predicted

Answer 46

GOLD 1 (mild)

Question 47

type of asthma severity: symptoms >2 days/week

Answer 47

intermittent

Question 48

management of COPD: _______________ rehabilitation program

Answer 48

pulmonary

Question 49

type of asthma severity: nighttime awakenings every night (7/week)

Answer 49

severe persistent

Question 50

type of asthma severity: daily flareups

Answer 50

severe persistent

Question 51

type of asthma severity: FEV1 and FVC are normal

Answer 51

intermittent, mild persistent

Question 52

main characteristic of COPD

Answer 52

inability to expire air

Question 53

COPD: surgery that removes one or more very large bullae (helps decrease work of breathing)

Answer 53

bullectomy

Question 54

asthma: compromised lung function leads to chronic _________________, which leads to less severe complications such as fatigue, headache, and lack of activity

Answer 54

debilitation

Question 55

most extreme form of an acute asthma attack characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acute respiratory failure

Answer 55

status asthmaticus

Question 56

classification of COPD: FEV1 50-80% predicted

Answer 56

GOLD 2 (moderate)

Question 57

four modifiable risk factors for COPD

Answer 57

smoking occupational chemicals and dusts air pollution frequent infections

Question 58

COPD: breathing technique that prolongs exhalation and prevents bronchiolar collapse and airdropping; gives patient more control of breathing, especially during exercise

Answer 58

pursed lip breathing

Question 59

management of COPD: protect against infections via _______________

Answer 59

immunizations

Question 60

type of asthma severity: noticeable flareups

Answer 60

mild persistent

Question 61

peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in the green zone

Answer 61

>80% of personal best

Question 62

in status asthmaticus, the patient is (responsive, unresponsive) to treatment with bronchodilators and corticosteroids

Answer 62

unresponsive