Chapter 32 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Hemocoel
Interconnected chambers in body filled with blood/hemolymph
Hemolymph
Blood-like fluid
Closed circulatory system
Blood stays inside heart and blood vessels; better delivery efficiency than open system
Functions of circulatory system
Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide between cells and gills/lungs
Transport nutrients, toxic substances, waste
Transport immune system defenses, blood clotting mechanisms, hormone signals
Atrium
Receives blood from veins
Ventricles
Sends blood into arteries
Animals with 2-chambered heart
Fishes
Animals with 3-chambered heart
Amphibians, some reptiles
Animals with 4-chambered heart
Birds, mammals
Pulmonary Circuit
Blood to/from lungs and heart
Systemic Circuit
Blood to/from heart and other organs and tissues
Vena Cava
Veins that drain oxygen-poor blood from body into heart
Pulmonary Artery
Send oxygen-poor blood away from heart to lungs
Pulmonary Vein
Drain oxygen-rich blood from lungs into heart
Aorta
Artery that sends oxygen-rich blood from heart into body
Pulmonary circuit flow
Blood travels through vena cava Blood enters right atrium Blood enters right ventricle Blood travels through pulmonary arteries Blood enters lungs Gas exchange occurs Blood leaves lungs Blood travels through pulmonary veins Blood enters left atrium Blood enters left ventricle Blood travels through aorta
Erythrocytes
Red; carry oxygen
Leukocyte
White; defend body from unwanted substances
Platelets
Stimulate clotting, form plugs and stick to vessel walls
Arteries
Carry blood away from heart; thick elastic walls can expand and recoil
Capillaries
Tiny thin walled exchange vessels; nearby body cells and blood can send gases, nutrients, waste through easily
Veins
Drain blood to heart; push blood back to heart
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening or toughening of artery walls
Treatment of Arteriosclerosis
A stent or balloon angioplasty compresses plaque to allow blood flow
