Chapter 32 - Animal Diversity

Question 1

Define nutrition

Answer 1

How an organism gets food and energy

Question 2

Define heterotroph

Answer 2

An organism that must eat other organisms for energy

Question 3

Define cleavage

Answer 3

Rapid eel division after a fertilized egg forms

Question 4

Define blastula

Answer 4

A hollow ball of cells formed early in development

Question 5

Define gatrulation

Answer 5

When the blastula folds inward to start forming tissues

Question 6

Define gastrula

Answer 6

The structure formed after gastrulation with different layers

Question 7

Define embryo

Answer 7

The early stage of development after fertilization

Question 8

Define larva

Answer 8

An immature form that 100ks different from the adult

Question 9

What is metamorphosis?

Answer 9

The process/change from larva to adult form

Question 10

Define asexual

Answer 10

Reproduction without a mate (one parent only)

Question 11

Define sexual

Answer 11

Reproduction involving 2 parents

Question 12

Define eukaryotic

Answer 12

Cells with a nucleus and organelles ( all animals are eukaryotic)

Question 13

What are genes?

Answer 13

Unite of DNA that determine traits

Question 14

What’s regulation?

Answer 14

Control of when and how genes or processes are turned on or off during development

Question 15

What is a body plan?

Answer 15

The overall layout of body structures in an organism

Question 16

Define body symmetry

Answer 16

How body parts are arranged in relation to each other

Question 17

Define asymmetry

Answer 17

No symmetry ( example - sponge)

Question 18

Define radial symmetry

Answer 18

Symmetry around a central point (example- jellyfish)

Question 19

Define bilateral symmetry

Answer 19

Left and right sides mirror each other (example-humans)

Question 20

Body orientation: anterior

Answer 20

The front end

Question 21

Body orientation: posterior

Answer 21

The back end

Question 22

Body orientation: dorsal

Answer 22

The top or back side example for a dog or a shark’s dorsal fin)

Question 23

Body orientation: ventral

Answer 23

The bottom end or belly side

Question 24

What are germ layers?

Answer 24

Layers of cells that develop into different body parts

Question 25

Wheat is the endoderm?

Answer 25

The inner layer (forms gut, organs)

Question 26

What is the ectoderm?

Answer 26

The outer layer (forms skin, nervous system)

Question 27

What is the mesoderm?

Answer 27

The middle layer (forms muscles, bones, blood)

Question 28

What is the body cavity?

Answer 28

A fluid-filled space inside the body that holds organs

Question 29

What is the coelom?

Answer 29

A true body cavity fully lined with mesoderm

Question 30

What is the pseudocoelom (pseudo)?

Answer 30

A "false" body cavity, not fully lined.

Question 31

What does acoelomate mean?

Answer 31

No body cavity

Question 32

What does protosome?

Answer 32

Mouth develops first from the blastopare (example-worms, bugs)

Question 33

What does deuterostome man?

Answer 33

Anus develops first from the blastopore ( example - humans, starfish)

Question 34

What is a blastopore?

Answer 34

The first opening that forms during development

Question 35

Define segmentation?

Answer 35

Repeating body units or sections (like in worms or insects)

Question 36

Define skeleton

Answer 36

The supporting structure of an organism (can be external or internal)

Question 37

What is ecdysis?

Answer 37

The shedding ou molting of the outer layer (like a snake shedding its skin)

Question 38

What is lophophore?

Answer 38

A feeding structure with tentacles, found in some invertebrates

Question 39

What are all the germ layers?

Answer 39

- ectoderm -