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POSTMIDTERM:LHE BACTE > Chapter 32: Moraxella species > Flashcards

Chapter 32: Moraxella species Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

2 subgenera of the genus Moraxella

A

Moraxella
Branhamella

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2
Q

Moraxella spp shape

A

Short, plump, Gram-negative rods, or occasionally cocci which typically occur in pairs

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3
Q

How short is Moraxella

A

1.0 to 1.5x 1.5 to 2.5 um

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4
Q

Motility

A

Non-motile

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5
Q

Environment

A

Aerobic

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6
Q

Test for:
-Catalase
-Oxidase

A

Usually positive

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7
Q

Pathogenic genus are proteolytic but

A

Are unable to utilize sugars

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8
Q

Fastidious or non-fastidious

A

Fastidious

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9
Q

Requirement

A

Addition of blood or serum to media

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10
Q

Growth does not occur in what agar

A

MacConkey agar

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11
Q

Principal pathogen of the genus

A

Moraxella bovis

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12
Q

Moraxella bovis when isolated from cases of keratoconjunctivitis, virulent strains are:

A

-fimbriae
-haemolytic
-and grow into the agar

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13
Q

Are also associated with disease in animals

A

-M. bovoculi
-M. ovis
-M. equi

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14
Q

Can cause disease in humans

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

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15
Q

Are they susceptible to dessication?

A

-yes

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16
Q

Habitat

A

mucous membranes

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17
Q

M. bovis is found on

A

Mucous membranes of carrier cattle

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18
Q

Moraxella bovis causes what

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK)

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19
Q

Ocular disease in cattle

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK)

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20
Q

IBK sometimes referred to as

A

-pink eye
-new forest disease

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21
Q

Isolated from upper respiratory tract of healthy goats

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A

Moraxella boevrei

22
Q

Isolated from animals affected by IBK.

23
Q

Possesses RTX toxin but pathogenicity is unproven

24
Q

Member of the oral flora of dogs. Has been isolated from dog bite wounds in humans

25
Isolated from the upper respiratory tract of healthy goats
M. caprae
26
Isolated from IBK in association with other organism
M. cuniculi
27
Conjunctivitis in horse
M. equi
28
Isolated from a number of pathological conditions in animals including goats, dogs, pigs, and aborted equine foetuses.
M. lacunata
29
Isolated from healthy animals and those with keratoconjunctivitis
M. ovis
30
Isolated from a number of sites in farm animals but pathogenicity uncertain
M. phenylpyruvica
31
Factors which may exacerbate IBK
-Age: young cattle 2 years old are susceptible -Breed: Bos taurus > Bos indicus -Fly activity: act as vectors -Ocular irritants: predispose disease -Concurrent infections: bovine herpes virus 1 or Thelazia -Vit. deficiency: low vit. A predispose to disease
32
Survive 72 hrs in
-salivary glands -body surfaces of flies (vectors)
33
Asymptomatic carriers harbour M. bovis in:
-Nasolacrimal ducts -nasopharynx -vagina
34
Transmission
Direct, aerosols, through flies
35
Virulence of M. bovis is attributed to
Fimbriae
36
Fimbriae
-allows adherence (cornea) -circumventing the protective effects of lacrimal secretions and blinking
37
Types of fimbriae
-Q fimbriae -I fimbriae
38
Fimbriae specific for colonization
Q fimbriae (pili)
39
Allow local persistence of infection
I fimbriae
40
Stimulate type specific protective immunity
Fimbrial antigens
41
May be important for adherence also
Filamentous-haemagglutinin-like proteins
42
During bacterial replication haemolysins and lytic enzymes are produced such as
-fibrolysin -phosphatase -hyaluronidase -aminopeptidase
43
Damage the cell membranes of neutrophils
Haemolysin
44
Also play an important role in virulence
Lipopolysaccharides, associated with O antigens
45
Calcium dependent, pore-forming cytolysin
Haemolysin
46
Haemolysin toxin is shown to be an _______ toxin
RTX (repeats in toxin)
47
With haemolytic and cytotoxic activity and designated Mbx A
Haemolysin
48
Contributes to break-down of it's collagen matrix
Release of hydrolytic enzymes from neutrophils on the corneal surface
49
Strains lack either cytotoxin or fimbriae
Avirulent
50
Often non-haemolytic and non-fimbriated but reversion to virulence can occur
Isolated from carrier animals
51
Deficiency to _____ in the lacrimal secretions of cattle may account for their susceptibility to ____
-lysozyme -M. bovis
52
Type of bacteria
Gram-negative

POSTMIDTERM:LHE BACTE (5 decks)

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