Chapter 34

Question 1

Diagnostic Testing Phases

Answer 1

Pretest (client preparation), Intratest (specimen collection, performing / assisting with diagnostic testing) and Post-Test (nursing care of the client and follow up activities / observations)

Question 2

Puncture of a vein for collection of a blood specimen; can be performed by various members of health care team

Answer 2

Venipuncture

Question 3

Person who performs venipuncture, usually collects specimen for the tests ordered by the primary care provider

Answer 3

Phlebotomist

Question 4

Includes hemoglobin and hematrocrit measurements, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, red blood cell indices and differential white cell count

Answer 4

Complete Blood Count

Question 5

Main intracellular protein of erythrocytes (red blood cells); iron containing protein that transports oxygen

Answer 5

Hemoglobin

Question 6

Measures the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume

Answer 6

Hematocrit

Question 7

Number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter of whole blood

Answer 7

Red Blood Cell Count

Question 8

Condition where chronic hypoxia may develop higher than normal red blood cell count

Answer 8

Polycythemia

Question 9

Determines the number of circulating white blood cells per cubic millimeter of whole blood

Answer 9

Leukocyte / White Blood Cell Count

Question 10

Routinely ordered for any client admitted to a hospital as a screening test for electrolyte and acid-base imbalance

Answer 10

Serum Electrolytes

Question 11

Two metabolically produced substances routinely used to evaluate renal function

Answer 11

Urea and creatinine

Question 12

Produced in relatively constant quantities by the muscles and is excreted by the kidneys

Answer 12

Creatinine

Question 13

Measured as Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 13

Urea

Question 14

____ ____ indicates the highest concentration of the drug in the blood serum; ______ _______ represents the lowest concentration of the drug in the blood serum

Answer 14

Peak level; trough level

Question 15

Measurement of the solute concentration of the blood

Answer 15

Serum osmolality

Question 16

Test for occult blood

Answer 16

Guaiac test

Question 17

Excessive amount of fat in the stool

Answer 17

Steatorrhea

Question 18

Most frequently performed fecal test

Answer 18

Fecal Occult Blood Testing (FOBT)

Question 19

Substance used in a chemical reaction to detect a specific substance

Answer 19

Reagent

Question 20

Collection of urine specimens for routine urinalysis

Answer 20

Clean voided urine specimens

Question 21

Collection of urine specimens for urine culture

Answer 21

Clean-catch or midstream urine specimens

Question 22

Collection of urine specimens for variety of test that depend on the client’s specific health problem

Answer 22

Timed urine specimens

Question 23

Indicator of urine concentration or the amount of solutes present in the urine

Answer 23

Specific gravity

Question 24

Product of the breakdown of fatty acids

Answer 24

Ketones

Question 25

Measure to the solute concentration of urine that is a more exact measurement of urine concentration than specific gravity

Answer 25

Urine Osmolality

Question 26

Mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi and trachea

Answer 26

Sputum

Question 27

Clear liquid secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth; sometimes referred to as "spit"

Answer 27

Saliva

Question 28

Blood in the sputum

Answer 28

Hemoptysis

Question 29

Viewing the anal canal

Answer 29

Anoscopy

Question 30

Viewing of the rectum

Answer 30

Proctoscopy

Question 31

Viewing of the rectum and sigmoid colon

Answer 31

Proctosigmoidoscopy

Question 32

Viewing of the large intestine

Answer 32

Colonoscopy

Question 33

An X-ray of the _____ / _______ / _________ is commonly referred to as a KUB

Answer 33

Kidneys; Ureters; Bladder

Question 34

A lighted instrument inserted through the urethra

Answer 34

Cystoscope

Question 35

Provides a graphic recording of the heart's electrical activity

Answer 35

Electrocardiography

Question 36

Uses ECG to assess the client's response to an increased cardiac workload during exercise

Answer 36

Stress Electrocardiography

Question 37

Non invasive test that uses ultrasound to visualize the structures of the heart and evaluate left ventricular function

Answer 37

Echocardiogram

Question 38

Painless, non invasive x ray procedure that has the unique capability of distinguishing minor differences in the density of tissues

Answer 38

Computed Tomography

Question 39

Non invasive diagnostic scanning technique in which the client is placed in a magnetic field; commonly used to visualize the brain, spine, limbs and joints, heart, blood vessels, abdomen and pelvis

Answer 39

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 40

Non invasive radiologic study that involves the injection or inhalation of a radioisotope

Answer 40

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 41

Withdrawal of fluid that has abnormally collected or to obtain a specimen

Answer 41

Aspiration

Question 42

Removal and examination of tissue

Answer 42

Biopsy

Question 43

Condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity

Answer 43

Ascites

Question 44

Removal of excess fluid or air to ease breathing

Answer 44

Thoracentesis