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AP US History > Chapter 35-37 > Flashcards

Chapter 35-37 Flashcards

0
Q

Popular name for the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, which provided assistance to former soldiers…

A

GI Bill of Rights

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1
Q

Shorthand name for the southern and western regions of the U.S. that experienced the highest rates of growth after WWII…

A

Sunbelt

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2
Q

New York suburb where post war builders pioneered the techniques of mass home construction…

A

Levittown

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3
Q

Term for the dramatic rise in U.S. births that began immediately after WWII…

A

Baby Boom

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4
Q

Big Three wartime conference that later became the focus of charges that Roosevelt had “sold out” Eastern Europe to the Soviet communists…

A

Yalta

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5
Q

The extended post- WWII confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that stopped just short of a shooting war…

A

Cold War

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6
Q

Meeting of Western Allies during WWII that established the economic structures to promote recovery and enhance FDR’s vision of an “open word”…

A

Bretton Woods

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7
Q

New international organization that experienced some early success in diplomatic and cultural areas but failed in areas like atomic arms control…

A

United Nations

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8
Q

Term for the barrier that Stalin erected to block off Soviet-dominated nations of Eastern Europe from the West…

A

Iron Curtain

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9
Q

American-sponsored effort that provided funds for the economic relief and recovery of Western Europe…

A

Marshall Plan

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11
Q

The new anti-Soviet organization of Western nations that ended the long-time American tradition of not joining permanent military alliances…

A

National Atlantic Treaty Organization

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12
Q

Japanese military marched U.S. soldiers by force through which country?

A

Philipenes; soldiers were malnourished and torchered.

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13
Q

What famous general left to escape the Japanese military in the Philippines? Quote?

A

General Douglas MacArthur

“I shall return.”

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14
Q

During World War II, what product, normally common, were Americans not allowed to buy?

A

Cars

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15
Q

What natural resource was rationed by the government during WWII?

A

Gasoline (Petroleum)

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16
Q

Who demanded that the U.S. help invade Nazi Germany through Normandy?

A

Stalin (USSR)

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17
Q

What was the famous attack called Dwight D. Eisenhower lead?

A

D-Day

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18
Q

Who had mostly controlled France during WWII?

A

Nazis (Hitler)

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19
Q

What major event was happening in Europe during WWII?

A

The Holocaust

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20
Q

What was the Manhattan Project?

A

The U.S. project to build an atomic bomb.

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21
Q

What was the U.S. doing to gain on Japan during WWII?

A

Tried to weaken the Japanese forces by island hopping. Took over and controlled many small islands.

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22
Q

Did Truman know about the Manhattan project before becoming President?

A

No, because the project was secretive.

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23
Q

What was the motto of many of the Japanese soldiers?

A

It was better to die than to surrender.

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24
Q

Where did the U.S. drop the atomic bombs?

A

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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25
Q

Why did the U.S. not drop a bomb on Tokyo?

A

Was already destroyed from the war.

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26
Q

Who was made President after FDR’s death?

A

The Vice President at the time Harry Truman.

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27
Q

Did many people know who Truman was before he became President?

A

No, most of the time FDR was the only one in the spotlight.

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28
Q

What were the years of the Cold War?

A

1945 - 1990’s (early)

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29
Q

Where Americans afraid of another economic depression after WWII?

A

Yes.

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30
Q

How was the economy after WWII?

A

GREAT AFTER WWII FOR TWO DECADES!

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31
Q

What happened in the 1970’s to the economy?

A

WAS TERRIBLE!

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32
Q

What were the years of WWII?

A

1941 - 1945

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33
Q

What happened to the housing industry after WWII?

A

Mass produced like crazy.
Affordable.
Many wanted the iconic Bill Levitt homes.
Called many together “Levittown”.

34
Q

Where was the Sunbelt?

A

Southern states from the Pacific to the Atlantic.

35
Q

What is the generation post WWII called?

A

Babyboomers

36
Q

Where many babies born postwar? Why?

A

YES!!! Due to the GREAT ECONOMY!

37
Q

Due to the creation of suburban areas, what structures were created?

A

Interstate Highways

38
Q

Who were the Big Three? And where did they famously meet?

A

USSR, Britain, and U.S.

All met in YALTA!

39
Q

What was created at the meeting in Yalta?

A

UNITED NATIONS!

40
Q

What did the meeting in Yalta start?

Who was criticized?

A

The Cold War

FDR, people thought he gave away too much.

41
Q

What was the movement of the fear of Communism called in America?

A 
Red Scare (First and Second)
Happened after both of the World Wars.
42
Q

Who were the two world powers during the Cold War?

A

U.S. and USSR

43
Q

Where was the United Nations meeting held?

A

New York City

44
Q

When Germany split into two, which side was good or bad?

A

West Germany: GOOD

East Germany: BAD

45
Q

Which state split into two in Germany postwar?

A

Berlin
West Berlin: GOOD (Free of Communism)
East Berlin: BAD (Communist)

46
Q

Who controlled Berlin post war? What did the try to do? How did the U.S. react?

A

USSR
Tried to keep the U.S. out of Berlin.
U.S. created the Berlin Airlift to get supplies in Berlin.

47
Q

What was the capital of the USSR?

A

Moscow

48
Q

What was the U.S. plan called that replaced isolationism?

A

CONTAINMENT!

49
Q

Where were people moving to during the Cold War?

A

Suburbs

50
Q

Who said “it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”?

A

President Truman (Truman Doctrine)

51
Q

How did Truman respond to the threat of Communism?

A

With Secretary of State George C. Marshall invited Europeans to get together and work out a JOINT plan for their economic recovery.

52
Q

What are the names of the plans to stop the spread of Communism during the Cold War?

A

Truman Doctrine
Containment
Marshall Plan after WWII (Truman’s plan though)
*to keep Western Europe form turning Communist

53
Q

What departments/agencies were created by Truman?

A

Department of Defense
Pentagon building
National Security Act
Central Intelligence Agency

54
Q

What was the anti-Soviet group made up of Western countries?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

55
Q

What country turned Communist and worried the U.S.? Who was the leader?

A

China

Mao Zedong

56
Q

Did the U.S. help to rebuild Japan?

A

Yes, and put McGarther in charge which was basically like being the President of Japan.

57
Q

Who developed the atomic bomb first?

A

USSR

Truman shocked the nation when he announced this.

58
Q

What was the race for creating the many types of atomic bombs called?

A

Arms Race

59
Q

What “safety” slogan did many schools employ for the threat of the atomic bomb on U.S. soil?

A

“Duck and Cover”

60
Q

Who were the most famous anti-Communist crusaders?

A

Richard Nixon and Joseph McCarther
Fired Communists in America.
Communists were considered a huge threat.

61
Q

Who were the Rosenbergs?

A

Communist spies for Moscow who worked on the U.S. atomic bomb project.

62
Q

Who was J. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina?

A

A vicious racist governor voted in by “Dixiecrats”.

63
Q

Which party did most southern whites vote for during the Cold War?

A

Democrats

Created the new party called the “Dixiecrats”.

64
Q

The first desegregated units were used during which war?

A

Korean War

65
Q

What were the years of the Korean War?

A

1950 - 1953

66
Q

Did North Korea or South Korea invade the other?

A

North Korea invaded South Korea by going through the 38th parallel line.

67
Q

What was the 1950’s famous for?

A

Conformity

ex. Levittown

68
Q

Who was the famous feminist writer during the 1950’s?

A

Betty Friedan

Wrote “The Feminine Mystique”

69
Q

What was a popular “reality” T.V. show during the 1950’s?

A

Ozzie and Harriet

70
Q

What was becoming faster during the 1950’s?

A

Food production

ex. McDonald’s

71
Q

What increased exponentially in the workforce during the 1950’s?

A

Service Sector

72
Q

What race groups were becoming famous during the 1950’s?

A

African Americans

Rock and Roll

73
Q

Who was a famous white singer during the 1950’s?

A

Elvis Presley

74
Q

What technology was becoming famous during the 1950’s? Who took advantage of this?

A

Television
Preachers
(ex. Baptist Billy Graham)

75
Q

Due to the Red Scare/Cold War, what line become famous in America?

A

“One Nation Under God”

Tried to separate America from the “God-less” USSR.

76
Q

Who had to make a speech to prove he was not a crook during the 1950’s?

A

Richard Nixon (running for Vice President)
Accused of secretly taking bribes.
Made the “Checkers Speech”

77
Q

Who made Nixon his Vice President?

A

Dwight D. Eisenhower

78
Q

What happened to Joseph McCarthy?

A

McCarthy was accusing the Army of having Communist members. Someone responded “Have you no decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?”

79
Q

After the embarrassment of McCarthy, what happened to him?

A

Senate formally condemned him for “conduct unbecoming a member”. A few years later he died of alcohol poisoning.

80
Q

Desegregation was taking place , but who was viciously killed for hitting on a white woman?

A

Emmett Till on a visit in Mississippi.

AP US History (4 decks)

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