Chapter 3B: Matter, Energy, and Life

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

All organisms of the same kind that are genetically simillar enough to breed in nature and produce live, fertile offspring
Ex: Penguin

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

All members of a species living in a given area at the same time
Ex: Several penguins

Question 3

Biological Community

Answer 3

All of the populations of organisms living and interacting in a particular area
Ex: Penguins and seals

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

Biological community and its physical environment.

Question 5

Productivity

Answer 5

Key property of an ecosystem; the amount of biomass porduced in given area in a given period of time.

Question 6

Secondary Productivity

Answer 6

Production of biomass by consumer organisms; driven bytrasnfer of organic materials between trophic levels.

Question 7

Food chain

Answer 7

each organism eats or decomposes the preceding organism in the chain; linked feeding series

Question 8

Food web

Answer 8

Interconnected food chains as most consumers have multiples food sources.

Question 9

Trophic level

Answer 9

An organism’s feeding status in a food web.

Ex: Herbivores, Carnivores

Question 10

Hydrologic Cycle

Answer 10

Circular pathway of water on Earth

Question 11

Carbon Cycle

Answer 11

Intake of CO2 during photosynthesis; carbon atoms are incorporated into sugar which is eventually released by cellular respiration either in the plant or in the organisms that consumed it.

Question 12

Carbon Sinks

Answer 12

The parts of the cycle that remove CO2 from the atmosphere

Question 13

Carbon sources

Answer 13

The parts of the cycle that release CO2