Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chapter 4 Ap world history > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following inspired the Yellow Turban Rebellion of 184-204 C.E.?

A

Daoism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which statement best describes the Confucian attitude toward the past?

A

The past was a golden age that modern people should strive to restore.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the practice of metta in the Buddhist tradition?

A

The practice of loving kindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happened to the Hebrews living in the kingdom of Judea following their conquest by the Babylonians in 586 B.C.E.?

A

The Hebrew elite were enslaved and exiled, but a small group was able to retain their cultural identity and later return to their homeland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the teaching of the Theravada version of Buddhism?

A

It taught that the Buddha was an immensely wise teacher, but certainly not divine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What name is given to the Greek philosophical view that the world is a physical reality governed by natural laws that humans can understand?

A

Rationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ended the Roman Empire’s intermittent persecution of Christians in the early fourth century C.E.?

A

Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity and made the religion legal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What subject did the earliest Greek classical thinkers who relied on questioning and reasoning focus on?

A

Physical world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was Socrates’s preferred method of teaching?

A

Through constant questioning of the assumptions and logic of his students’ thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following is a theory that has been advanced to explain why Greek thought evolved toward explaining the physical world through natural laws that human rationality could understand?

A

The growing role of law in the political life of Athens suggested a similar regularity in the natural order.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did Confucius propose to end the period of disorder in China and replace it with an orderly society?

A

Through the moral example of superiors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which statement best describes the Confucian attitude toward the past?

A

The past was a golden age that modern people should strive to restore.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What role did the Islamic world play in the rediscovery of the classical Greek legacy in Western Europe during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries?

A

Western scholars gained access to Arabic translations of Greek writers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which classical Greek philosopher famously sketched out in The Republic a design for a good society ruled by a class of highly educated guardians led by a philosopher king?

A

Plato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was classical Greece’s greatest intellectual contribution?

A

Confidence in human reason and the use of argument and logic to question received wisdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following statements best reflects the Greek approach to understanding the universe?

A

The world was a physical reality governed by natural laws, and human rationality could understand these laws.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Greek way of thinking is most similar to which other tradition?

A

Confucianism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which of the following best reflects the Buddha’s relationship to the supernatural?

A

The Buddha largely ignored the supernatural.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following did the least to spread the Greek approach to rational thought beyond the Greek heartland?

A

The spread of Greek religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What distinguished the first five centuries of Christianity from that of the Buddhist tradition?

A

The Buddhist tradition generally lacked clear-cut distinctions between right and wrong ideas, while Christianity viewed religious debates in terms of right and wrong.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which Persian prophet founded the Zoroastrian faith and is by tradition believed to have lived in the sixth or seventh century B.C.E.?

A

Zarathustra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What second-wave philosophy was based on the belief that human society needs clear, strictly enforced rules, since most people are stupid and shortsighted?

A

Legalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the following terms is an Indian religious term that refers to rebirth or reincarnation?

A

Samsara

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which second-wave philosophy stressed complementarity and balance between the sexes?

A

Daoism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which of the following statements is true of the Christian world around 500 C.E.?

A

It was theologically diverse and fragmented.

26
Q

Which of the following distinguishes Jesus’ teachings from that of the Buddha?

A

Jesus had a more intense devotion to a single personal deity with whom he was on personal terms.

27
Q

What distinguished the Buddha from Jesus?

A

The Buddha came from a privileged background.

28
Q

Which of the following distinguished the life of the Buddha from that of Jesus?

A

The Buddha’s teaching ministry lasted far longer than Jesus’.

29
Q

Reincarnation is a central feature of which system of thought and belief?

A

Hinduism

30
Q

Which cultural tradition, born in second-wave era China, urged withdrawal into the world of nature as the best response to disorder in society?

A

Daoism

31
Q

What was distinctive about the conception of God that evolved in Judaism compared to earlier Mesopotamian gods?

A

It was monotheistic.

32
Q

Which of the following regions had the least access to Greek writings?

A

Western Europe in the centuries following the collapse of the Roman Empire

33
Q

In which Hindu text is the troubled warrior-hero Arjuna reassured by his charioteer Lord Krishna, an incarnation of the god Vishnu, that performing his duty as a warrior even if it meant killing his kinsmen was an act of devotion that would lead to “release from the shackles of repeated rebirth”?

A

Bhagavad Gita

34
Q

What was distinctive about the conception of God that evolved in Judaism compared to earlier Mesopotamian gods?

A

It believed that God was lofty and transcendent, existing far above the world of nature.

35
Q

Which of the following is true of Hinduism?

A

It grew up over many centuries and had no historical founder.

36
Q

Why is Siddhartha Gautama important to world history?

A

He was the founder of Buddhism.

37
Q

Which of the following is a distinctive contribution of Aristotle to Greek thinking?

A

His approach to knowledge was not distinctive, but he represents the most complete expression of the Greek way of knowing.

38
Q

Which of the following statements best reflects the impact of legalism on Chinese society?

A

The Qin emperor Shihuangdi used legalist methods to reunify China.

39
Q

What was classical Greece’s greatest intellectual contribution?

A

Confidence in human reason and the use of argument and logic to question received wisdom

40
Q

Hippocrates made his discoveries in which field of study?

A

Medicine

41
Q

What distinguished Zoroastrianism from Buddhism?

A

Buddhism spread from its original homeland to become a world religion.

42
Q

Which of the following figures lived most recently?

A

Jesus

43
Q

Which social group did legalists identify as performing essential functions for society?

A

Soldiers

44
Q

What distinguishes Yahweh from the dao in the Chinese tradition or Brahman in the Indian tradition?

A

Yahweh acted within the historical process, consciously shaping the outcome of human events.

45
Q

Which Indian religious idea is similar in some ways to the Chinese notion of the dao?

A

Brahman

46
Q

Which of the following best describes the Buddhist world that emerged in the centuries following the Buddha’s death?

A

A considerable proliferation of different sects, practices, teachings, and meditation techniques continued to emerge over time.

47
Q

The cosmic struggle at the heart of Zoroastrianism required what of individual humans?

A

To freely choose good over evil

48
Q

Which of the following statements is true of women in early Buddhism?

A

They were not treated as equals, but still found more freedom and independence than was available elsewhere in Indian society.

49
Q

Who is traditionally credited with writing the short poetic volume known as the Daodejing in the sixth century B.C.E.?

A

Laozi

50
Q

Which of the following best describes the embrace of Yahweh and monotheism by the Hebrew people?

A

There were many factors that made polytheism attractive to Hebrews, but the monotheistic conception of the Divine ultimately prevailed.

51
Q

What happened to the Hebrews living in the kingdom of Judea following their conquest by the Babylonians in 586 B.C.E.?

A

The Hebrew elite were enslaved and exiled, but a small group was able to retain their cultural identity and later return to their homeland.

52
Q

What is ren in Confucian thought?

A

Benevolence, goodness, and nobility of heart

53
Q

Which of the following is a distinctive contribution of Aristotle to Greek thinking?

A

His approach to knowledge was not distinctive, but he represents the most complete expression of the Greek way of knowing.

54
Q

Which of the following is a theory that has been advanced to explain why Greek thought evolved toward explaining the physical world through natural laws that human rationality could understand?

A

The growing role of law in the political life of Athens suggested a similar regularity in the natural order.

55
Q

Which term refers to the way of nature, the underlying and unchanging principle that governs all natural phenomena?

A

Dao

56
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the organization of Christian as opposed to Buddhist faiths?

A

Christianity formed a significantly more sophisticated religious hierarchy than Buddhism.

57
Q

What caused the final decline of Zoroastrianism in Persia?

A

The conquest of the region by the Arabs

58
Q

Which of the following was a shared feature of both Buddhism and Christianity?

A

Both founders were transformed into gods by their followers.

59
Q

Which of the following is the central teaching of Buddhism?

A

The cause of human suffering is desire for individual fulfillment, which should be purged to achieve serenity.

60
Q

How might a Daoist thinker criticize a follower of Confucius?

A

Confucians were too concerned with education and the earnest striving for moral improvement.

61
Q

Which of the following statements is true of women in early Christianity?

A

As the religion developed, its leadership became almost exclusively male.

62
Q

What distinguishes Yahweh from the dao in the Chinese tradition or Brahman in the Indian tradition?

A

Yahweh acted within the historical process, consciously shaping the outcome of human events.

Chapter 4 Ap world history (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions