Chapter 4

Question 1

arithmetic overflow

Answer 1

an attempt to represent an integer that exceeds the maximum allowable value

Question 2

code mapping

Answer 2

representing textual material in binary by assigning to each printable letter of symbol in our alphabet a unique number

Question 3

amplitude

Answer 3

the height of a sound wave is a measure of its loudness

Question 4

period

Answer 4

the time it takes for a wave to make one complete cycle

Question 5

frequency

Answer 5

the total number of cycles per unit time measured in cycles/second, also called hertz

Question 6

pitch

Answer 6

the highness or lowness of a sound

Question 7

sampling

Answer 7

at fixed time interva;s, the amplitude of a signal is measured and stored as an integer value

Question 8

scanning

Answer 8

measuring the intensity values of distinct points located at regular intervals across and image’s surface

Question 9

lossless compression scheme

Answer 9

no information is lost during compression, and it is possible to exactly reproduce the original data

Question 10

lossy compression scheme

Answer 10

compress data in a way that does not guarantee that all of the information in the original data can be fully and completely recreated

Question 11

Information is stored in the memory of a computer using the binary numbering system

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Two’s complement representation is a signed integer representation tat does not suffer from the problem of two zeros

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Two’s complement will always have one more negative number than positive, which less of a problem than two kinds of zeros

Answer 13

True

Question 14

A strictly black-and-white image as greater storage requirements than an image represented using a gray scale

Answer 14

False

Question 15

It is not currently feasible to build a reliable decimal computer due to the degradation and signal loss inherent in current electrical system.s

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The emitter and collecter are the two input lines of a transistor

Answer 16

False

Question 17

To construct an AND gate, two transistors are connected in parallel

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Every Boolean expression algorithm can be represented pictorially as a circuit diagram, and every output value in a circuit diagram can be written as a Boolean expression

Answer 18

True

Question 19

The sum-of-products algorithm always produces a circuit, but it is not always optimal

Answer 19

True

Question 20

A multiplexer is a circuit that has 2^n output lines

Answer 20

False

Question 21

The binary-to-decimal algorithm is based on successive divisions by 2

Answer 21

False

Question 22

After we normalize a number, its first significant digit is immediately to the right of the binary point

Answer 22

True

Question 23

In an analog representation, objects can take on only specific values

Answer 23

False

Question 24

An integrated circuit also known as a chip is mounted on a circuit board

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The Boolean NOT is an unary operator

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The way information is entered at a keyboard and displayed on a screen is known as the ______ of information

Answer 26

external representation

Question 27

Using the leftmost bit of a number to represent the sign, with 0 meaning positive and 1 meaning negative is termed _______ notation

Answer 27

sign/magnitude

Question 28

The amplitude of a sound wave is the measure of its _____

Answer 28

loud

Question 29

The total number of _____ per second is called hertz

Answer 29

cycles

Question 30

The _____is the number of bits used to encode each sample

Answer 30

bit depth

Question 31

A ____ is a distinct point located in an image’s surface

Answer 31

pixel

Question 32

____ schemes compress data in a way that does guarantee that all of the information in the original data can be fully and completely recreated

Answer 32

Lossy Compression

Question 33

There are _____ stable states in a bistable environment

Answer 33

two

Question 34

Transistors are constructed from ___, such as silicon and gallium arsenide

Answer 34

semiconductors

Question 35

The ___ operation complements the value of a Boolean expression

Answer 35

NOT

Question 36

In a ____, the values of the outputs depend only on the current values of the input

Answer 36

circuit

Question 37

____ algorithm is a circuit construction algorithm

Answer 37

Sum-of-products

Question 38

A _____ is a circuit that performs binary addition on two unsigned N-bit integers

Answer 38

full adder

Question 39

A multiplexer chooses one specific input by using an additional set of N lines called ___ lines

Answer 39

selector

Question 40

A multiplexer is a circuit that has 2^n input lines and ____ output line(s).

Answer 40

1

Question 41

An ______ is an error condition that occurs when an operation in a computer produces an integer that exceeds the maximum allowable value

Answer 41

Arithmetic Overflow

Question 42

Frequency is the measure of the ____, the highness or lowness of a sound

Answer 42

pitch

Question 43

____ signals must first be digitized to be stored in the computer

Answer 43

analog

Question 44

To construct an OR gate, 3 transistors are connected in ____.

Answer 44

parallel

Question 45

Sequential circuits contain ___ loops

Answer 45

feedback

Question 46

The _________ measures how many time per second the amplitude of a sound wave is sampled

Answer 46

sampling rate

Question 47

The bit ______ is the number of bits used to encode each sample

Answer 47

depth

Question 48

The most common format for storing color images is the _________ scheme

Answer 48

RGB encoding

Question 49

__________ algorithms attempt to represent information in ways that preserve accuracy while using significantly less space

Answer 49

Data Compression

Question 50

A ____________ measures how much compression schemes reduce the storage requirements of data

Answer 50

Compression Ratio