Chapter 4

Question 1

Cytology

Answer 1

Study of cells

Question 2

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 2

The cell.

Question 3

True or False: All cells have a nucleus.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 4

nucleus.

Question 5

What structure regulates what enters and exits the cell?

Answer 5

The cell membrane.

Question 6

What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell called?

Answer 6

Cytoplasm.

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for energy production?

Answer 7

Mitochondria.

Question 8

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 8

Protein synthesis.

Question 9

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 10

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins.

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus.

Question 12

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Answer 12

Digestion and waste removal.

Question 13

Which part of the cell is involved in the synthesis of lipids?

Answer 13

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 14

Protein synthesis and processing.

Question 15

True or False: Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

What is the primary function of the cell wall?

Answer 16

To provide structure and protection.

Question 17

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 17

Mitochondria.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

Answer 18

cytoskeleton.

Question 19

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 19

To protect the cell and regulate transport.

Question 20

What are the small structures within a cell that perform specific functions called?

Answer 20

Organelles.

Question 21

True or False: All eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Answer 22

Ribosome production.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The __________ is involved in detoxifying harmful substances.

Answer 23

smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 24

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?

Answer 24

Lysosome.

Question 25

What is the function of vacuoles?

Answer 25

Storage of substances.

Question 26

True or False: The cytoplasm is found only in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 26

False.

Question 27

What is the primary function of cilia and flagella?

Answer 27

Movement.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Plant cells contain __________ for photosynthesis.

Answer 28

chloroplasts.

Question 29

Which type of cell division occurs in somatic cells?

Answer 29

Mitosis.

Question 30

What is the function of the centrosome?

Answer 30

Organizing microtubules and cell division.

Question 31

True or False: Ribosomes can be free-floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

What is the primary role of the cell membrane?

Answer 32

To maintain homeostasis.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a semi-permeable barrier that surrounds the cell.

Answer 33

cell membrane.

Question 34

What structure is responsible for the synthesis of ATP?

Answer 34

Mitochondria.

Question 35

Which organelle is involved in the modification and sorting of proteins?

Answer 35

Golgi apparatus.

Question 36

What are the hair-like projections on some cells that aid in movement?

Answer 36

Cilia.

Question 37

True or False: All cells have DNA.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

Answer 38

Phospholipids.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The __________ helps in the transport of materials within the cell.

Answer 39

endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 40

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 40

To provide structural support and shape to the cell.

Question 41

What type of cells have a defined nucleus?

Answer 41

Eukaryotic cells.

Question 42

True or False: The Golgi apparatus is involved in protein synthesis.

Answer 42

False.

Question 43

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 43

To protect the cell and control the movement of substances.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: The __________ provides energy for cellular processes.

Answer 44

ATP.

Question 45

What is the main function of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 45

To provide rigidity and support.

Question 46

What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 46

Interphase and mitotic phase.

Question 47

True or False: Prokaryotic cells are typically larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer 47

False.

Question 48

What is the role of the cell membrane in cellular communication?

Answer 48

It contains receptors that transmit signals.

Question 49

Fill in the blank: The __________ is where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.

Answer 49

nucleolus.