Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHYS-10140 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

matter

A

any substance made up of particles with mass that occupies space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

spectograph

A

a device for separating light from a source into its component wavelengths and measuring the energy at each wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

wavelength

A

the distance between successive peaks or troughs of a wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

frequency

A

the number of peaks or troughs of a wave that pass a point in space in a single second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

amplitude

A

a measure of a wave’s strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

electromagnetic radiation

A

oscillating electric and magnetic fields traveling through space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

visible light

A

the form of light to which the human eye responds ranging from 400 nm to 700 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

the full range of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths running from gamma rays (short) to radio waves (long)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

radio wave

A

an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength greater than 0.1 meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

microwave

A

the shortest wavelength radio wave, with a wavelength of 1 millimeter (1x10^-3) to about 0.1 meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

infrared wave

A

an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 700 nm to 1 mm, just longer than those of visible light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ultraviolet light

A

an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 10-400 nm, just shorter than those of visible light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

x-ray

A

an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength between 10^-11 and 10^-8 meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

gamma ray

A

a high energy electromagnetic wave with a wavelength less than 10^-11 meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

refraction

A

the bending of light as it passes between two media, such as water and air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

spectrum (spectra)

A

the distribution of light intensity versus wavelength (or frequency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

emission line

A

a bright line at a particular wavelength in a spectrum. specific patterns of emission lines indicate the presence of a specific element in the source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

absorption line

A

a dark line in a continuous spectrum. specific patters of absorption lines indicate the presence of a specific element in the source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

energy

A

the ability to perform work. energy comes in many forms such as kinetic, thermal, gravitational, and electromagnetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy that is due to an object’s bulk motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

gravitational potential energy

A

energy that an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

thermal/heat energy

A

energy that is due to the random motions of atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

blackbody radiation

A

electromagnetic radiation from a dense, opaque body, whose spectrum depends only on the temperature of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

photon

Study These Flashcards
A

a particle of light

25
Wien's law
the mathematical relation between a blackbody's temperature and the wavelength at which it radiates with peak intensity
26
luminosity
the total energy output per time of a light source
27
Stefan-Boltzmann law
the mathematical relationship between a blackbody's luminosity and its surface area and temperature
28
nebula
an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium, and other ionized gases
29
quantum mechanics/physics
a branch of physics dealing with physical phenomena at the level of molecular, atomic, and subatomic scales
30
nucleus
the dense region at the center of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons
31
neutron
a subatomic particle with no net electric charge with an atomic nucleus
32
proton
a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge
33
electron
a subatomic particle with a negative electric charge
34
Bohr atom
a model of the atom, devised by Niels Bohr, in which electrons in discrete orbits surround a positively charged nucleus. Electron jumps between the discrete orbits determine the emission or absorption of light
35
ground state
the lowest energy state within an atom
36
excited state
any energy state within an atom that is higher than the ground state
37
emission
the release of a photon of a specific wavelength when an electron jumps from a higher to a lower energy level
38
absorption
the capture of a photon of a specific wavelength, causing an electron to jump from a lower to a higher energy level
39
energy level
any one of the certain discrete values of orbital energy as possible for an atom
40
Lyman series
emission or absorption lines of the hydrogen atom as an electron moves between the ground state and excited states
41
Balmer series
emission or absorption lines of the hydrogen atom as an electron moves between the first excited state and higher energy states
42
Doppler shift
a change in wavelength that results because either a wave source or an observer moves relative to the other
43
redshift
an increase in the wavelength of the wavelength of light that results when the source of the light moves away from the observer or the observer moves away from the source
44
blueshift
a decrease in the wavelength of light that results when the source of the light moves toward the source
45
standard candle
an object with known luminosity that can be used to determine distance
46
aperture
the diameter of a telescope's main light-collecting lens or mirror
47
angular resolution
a measure of the ability of a telescope to separate or distinguish features in a distant object
48
magnification
the ability of a telescope to enlarge appearances in an image
49
refractor
an optical telescope that uses a lens to collect light and form an image
50
objective
in a refractor telescope, the large lens that gathers light from the object being observed and focuses the light rays to form an image
51
eyepiece
the small lens of a telescope through which the observer looks
52
chromatic aberration
the failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point
53
reflector
an optical telescope that uses curved mirrors to collect light and form an image
54
transmission
the passing of light through mater without being absorbed
55
opacity
the degree to which light is absorbed when passing through a material
56
turbulence
the random jostling motions of moving air
57
adaptive objects
a telescope technology in which mirror segments are rapidly adjusted to account for atmospheric turbulence and produce higher resolution images
58
interferometry
the technique of combing the signal from many smaller telescopes to achieve the resolving power of a larger one

PHYS-10140 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions