Chapter 4

Question 1

Define ‘Job’

Answer 1

A group of related activities and duties

Question 2

Define ‘position’

Answer 2

The different duties and responsibilities performed by only one employee

Question 3

Define ‘job family’

Answer 3

A group of individual jobs with similar characteristics

Question 4

Job analysis is referred to as the ____ for HRM

Answer 4

bedrock

Question 5

Define ‘job analysis’

Answer 5

the process of obtaining information about jobs by determining the duties, tasks, or activities of jobs

clearly and precisely the requirements of each job

Question 6

Define ‘job specification’

Answer 6

A statement of the needed knowledge, skills, and abilities of the person who is to perform the job

Question 7

Define ‘job descriptions’

Answer 7

A statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed

Question 8

What are KSAO’s

Answer 8

Knowledge Skills Abilities and Other factors

Question 9

What is Instrumental Work

Answer 9

e.g., going to lead to financial success, prestige

Question 10

What is Fundamental Work

Answer 10

the work feels inherently valuable, interesting

Question 11

Can you legally make a job offer conditional on the candidate providing proof of their ability to work in Canada permanently?

Answer 11

Nope

Question 12

common methods of analyzing jobs are through:

Answer 12

Interviews
Questionnaires
Observation
Diaries

Question 13

The primarily personnel responsible for the job analysis program

Answer 13

job analyst

Question 14

What is Position analysis questionnaire (PAQ)

Answer 14

a questionnaire covering 194 different tasks that, by means of a five-point scale, seeks to determine the degree to which different tasks are involved in performing a particular job

Question 15

What is Critical incident method

Answer 15

a job analysis method by which important job tasks are identified for job success

Question 16

What is Task inventory analysis

Answer 16

an organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions used as a basis to identify components of jobs

Question 17

What is The functional job analysis (FJA):

Answer 17

a job analysis approach that uses an inventory of the various types of work activities that can constitute any job

Question 18

What is Competency-based analysis

Answer 18

this job analysis method relies on building job profiles that look at the responsibilities and activities of jobs and the worker competencies necessary to accomplish them (e.g., interpersonal communication skills, decision-making ability)

Question 19

What is workflow analysis’ function

Answer 19

helps a firm determine the best processes, types, and mix of jobs, and how they should ideally be organized to execute the firm’s mission.

Question 20

What do job descriptions usually contain:

Answer 20

job title
job identification section
job duties section

Question 21

Issues with job descriptions

Answer 21

sometimes not updated yearly
limits the scope of activities of the jobholder
does not usually inquire competencies

Question 22

What is “job design”

Answer 22

an outgrowth of job analysis that improves jobs through technological and human considerations to enhance organization efficiency and employee job satisfaction

Question 23

What is ‘Job enrichment’

Answer 23

enhancing a job by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding or satisfying

Question 24

Five factors for enriching jobs (motivating employees)

Answer 24

achievement
recognition
growth
responsibility
performance of the whole job versus only parts of the job

Question 25

What is 'Job characteristics model'

Answer 25

a job design theory that purports that three psychological states (experiencing meaningfulness of the work performed, responsibility for work outcomes, and knowledge of the results of the work performed) of a jobholder result in improved work performance, internal motivation, and lower absenteeism and turnover

Question 26

What are the three psychological states in the Job Characteristics model

Answer 26

experiencing meaningfulness of the work performed responsibility for work outcomes knowledge of the results of the work performed

Question 27

The five job characteristics of the Job Characteristics Model

Answer 27

Skill variety Task identity Task significance Autonomy Feedback

Question 28

What is 'Employee empowerment'

Answer 28

Granting employees power to initiate change, thereby encouraging them to take charge of what they do

Question 29

What is 'Job crafting'

Answer 29

a naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mould their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better. Bottom up usually

Question 30

What is "Industrial engineering"

Answer 30

a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards, but sometimes neglects behavioural considerations in job design

Question 31

Define 'Ergonomics'

Answer 31

an interdisciplinary approach to designing equipment and systems that can be easily and efficiently used by human beings

Question 32

Define 'Job Carving'

Answer 32

the job is amended not by the individual but by the employer or a vocational specialist to provide employment opportunities for individuals with autism and other disabilities

Question 33

What is 'Employee involvement groups (EIGs)

Answer 33

groups of employees who meet to resolve problems or offer suggestions for organizational improvement

Question 34

Dynamics of Employee Involvement Groups (EIGs) steps:

Answer 34

1. EIG members brainstorm ideas for organizational improvement 2. EIG members prepare solutions and recommendations 3. Managers evaluate EIG group recommendations & make decisions 4. Recommendations are implemented and EIG members are rewarded

Question 35

Reasons for Employee Involvement Groups (EIGs)

Answer 35

Employee gains knowledge of affected areas Special skills and abilities of employees Technical changes Customer requirements

Question 36

What is 'Employee teams'

Answer 36

an employee contributions technique whereby work functions are structured for groups rather than for individuals and team members are given discretion in matters traditionally considered management prerogatives

Question 37

What is 'Psychological safety'

Answer 37

where team members are willing to take risks because they feel safe, where they could voice their opinions, and ask judgment-free questions

Question 38

What is 'Synergy'

Answer 38

occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members are greater than the sum of their individual efforts

Question 39

What is 'Virtual teams'

Answer 39

team with widely dispersed members linked together through computer and telecommunications technology

Question 40

Common types of flexible work schedules

Answer 40

Flextime Job sharing Telecommuting

Question 41

What is 'Flextime'

Answer 41

flexible working hours that permit employees the option of choosing daily starting and quitting times provided that they work a set number of hours per day or week

Question 42

What is 'Job sharing'

Answer 42

the arrangement whereby two part-time employees perform a job that otherwise would be held by one full-time employee

Question 43

What is 'Telecommuting'

Answer 43

use of personal computers, networks, and other communications technology to do work in the home that is traditionally done in the workplace