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class 11 zoology > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

give six basis of classification of animals

A

level of organization
coelom
symmetry
segmentation
germinal layers
body plan

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2
Q

give the 5 level of organization in animals

A

protoplasmic
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system

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3
Q

define protoplasmic level of organization and give example of phylum

A

all activities vital for life are carried out by one cell
eg- protozoa

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4
Q

define cellular level of organization and give example of phylum

A

organism is multicellular but all cell perform different functions
eg- porifera

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5
Q

define tissue level of organization and give example of phylum

A

in this, cells are united to form tissues
eg- coelentreta, ctenophora

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6
Q

define organ level of organization and give example of phylum

A

tissue form the organs but a complete organ system is absent
eg- platyhelminthes

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7
Q

define organ system level of organization and give example of phylum

A

different organs come together to form organ system level of organization
eg- aschehelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata

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8
Q

define incomplete digestive system and give example of phylum

A

no ailmentary canal and one opening serve as both mouth and anus
eg- platyhelminthes

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9
Q

define open circulatory system and give example of phylum

A

blood pumped flow in open spaces called lacunae and sinuses
eg- arthropoda, mollusca, hemichordata, urochordata

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10
Q

define complete digestive system and give example of phylum

A

proper ailmentary canal with two openings
eg- aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata

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11
Q

define closed circulatory system and give example of phylum

A

blood pumped flow in vessels and tubes called veins, arteries and capillaries
eg- annelida, cephalopoda, cephalochordata, vertebrata

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12
Q

space between body canal and ailmentary canal is divided by which lining

A

mesodermal lining

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13
Q

define acelomata and give example of phylum

A

celom is absent
eg- platyhelminthes

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14
Q

define pseudocelomata and give example of phylum

A

they have scattered mesodermal pouches
eg- aschihelminthes

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15
Q

give two types of eucelomata

A

shizocelomata and enterocelomata

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16
Q

define shizocelomata and give example of phylum

A

formed by splitting of mesoderm
eg- annelida, arthropoda, mollusca

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17
Q

define enterocelomata and give example of phylum

A

formed by fusion of enterocelomic pouches
eg- echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata

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18
Q

define spherical symmetery and give example of phylum

A

if the body can be divided into 2 or more halves when the plane passes through the center of the body
eg- actinophyrys (sun animal cluck)

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19
Q

give three types of symmetery

A

spherical
radial
bilateral

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20
Q

give three types of biradial symmetery

A

simple
bi
penta

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21
Q

define simple radial symmetery and give example of phylum

A

if the body can be divided into 2 equal halves when the plane passes from top to bottom of the body
eg- collentrata

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22
Q

define bi radial symmetery and give example of phylum

A

if the body can be divided into 2 equal halves by any 2 planes
eg- ctenophora, sea amneone

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23
Q

define bilateral symmetery and give example of phylum

A

if the body can be divided into 2 equal halves by 1 plane
eg- larvae of echinodermata, platyhelminthes, aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata

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24
Q

define penta radial symmetery and give example of phylum

A

if the body can be divided into 2 equal halves by 5 planes
eg- adult echinodermata

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25
define segmentation
division of the body into different portions (segments)
26
define asymmetery and give example of phylum
cannot be divided in equal halves by any plane eg- ponifera, gastropoda (apple snail- pila), protozoa
27
give two types of segmentation
metarmic and pseudo segmentation
28
give 4 differences in the two types of segmentation
metarmic- external division correspond to internal division segments are dependent on each other new segments formed from posterior end serial repetition of organs pseudo- external does not correspond to internal segments (proglottis) are independent new segments formed from anterior end serial repetition of organs does not occur
29
give examples in the two types of segmentation
metarmic eg- annelida, arthropoda, chordata pseudo eg- tenia
30
what kind of segmentation do humans have
metarmic
31
which part of human display segmentation
vertebrae and body muscles
32
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33
give name of two germinal layers in diploblastic
endoderm and ectoderm
34
give name of three germinal layers in triploblastic
endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
35
define diploblastic and give example of phylum
two germinal layers eg- porifera, ceolentreta, ctenophora
36
define triploblastic and give example of phylum
three germinal layers eg- platyhelminthes, aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata
37
give three types of body plan in animals
cell aggregate blind sac tube within a tube
38
define cell aggregate body plan and give examples of phylum
cluster of cell forms the body eg- porifera
39
define blind sac body plan and give examples of phylum
body cavity has single opening eg- coelentreta, platyhelminthes
40
define tube within a tube body plan and give examples of phylum
the body has 2 tubes, inner tube representing ailmentary canal and outer tube representing body wall eg- aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata
41
in what stage does embryonic development occur
gastrula
42
give two forms of fate of blastophore
protostenia and deutrostenia
43
define protostenia and give example of phylum
the blastophore forms the mouth eg- platyhelminthes, aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca
44
define deutrostenia and give example of phylum
the blastophore forms the anus eg- echinodermata, hemichordata, chordata
45
give examples of chordates
eg- urochordata, cephalochordata, cyclostomata, pisces, amphibians, aves, reptilia, mammalia
46
give examples of non chordates
eg- protozoa, platyhelminthes, aschihelminthes, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, hemichordata
47
give location of heart in chordates and non chordates
ventral and dorsal respectively
48
give the difference between chordates and non chordates based on tail
they have a post anal tail whereas in non chordates it is absent
49
give the difference between chordates and non chordates based on pharangeal gill slits
chordates- present on lateral surface non chordates- absent
50
give the difference between chordates and non chordates based on nerve chord
chordates- hollow, dorsal, tubular, single non chordates- ventral, solid, double
51
give the difference between chordates and non chordates based on notochord
chordates- present, in higher chordates it is modified into vertebral column non chordates- absent
52
name the study of protozoans
protozolgy
53
name the third largest phylum
protozoa
54
what is the covering of protozoans in some cases?
naked or covered with pellicle
55
give the composition of exoskeleton of protozoans
made of silica (SiO) or CaCO3 such protozoans with a shell are called shelled protozoans
56
name the protozoans whose shells are made of silica
radiolarians
57
name the protozoans whose shells are made of calcium carbonate
foraminifarons
58
give the different types of locomotive structures in protozoans with examples
pseudopodia eg- amoeba cilia eg- amoeba flagella eg- trypanosoma absent eg- members of sporozoa class
59
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60
give example of a parasitic protozoan
plasmodium
61
define osmo regulation and give the organelle that controls osmo regulation
maintenance of salt and water concentration in a cell is osmo regulation the contractile vacuole does it
62
in which protozoans, the contractile vacuole is absent
marine and parasitic
63
give the types of asextual reproduction and give their examples
binary fission eg- amoeba transverse fission eg- paramecium longitudinal fission eg- trypanosoma, leechmania multiple fission eg- plasmodium
64
give the types of sextual reproduction and give their examples
syngamy eg- plasmodium conjurgation eg- paramecium
64
why are protozoans immortal
because their somatoplasm and germplasm are not differentiated, they can always divide and form new cells
64
give 4 classes of phylum protozoa
mastigophora, rhizopoda, sporozoa, ciliata
65
give the other name for mastigophora
flaggelata
65
give 6 examples of flagellata class and give their respective diseases, and vectors
trypanosoma gambiens - disease = African sleeping sickness or canbium fever - vector = tse tse fly (glossina) trypanosoma cruzi - disease = south american sleeping sickness or chaga's disease - vector = triatoma bugs leishmania donavani - disease = kala azar or dun dun fever or visceral leishmaniasis - vector = sand fly (phlebotomus) leishmania tropica - disease = oriental sore or delhi boil disease or cutaneous leishmaniasis - vector = sand fly (phlebotomus)
66

class 11 zoology (1 decks)

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