Chapter 4

Question 0

City-state

Answer 0

An independent nation made up of a city and the land around it

Question 1

Silt

Answer 1

Small particles of fertile soil left after floods

Question 2

Polytheism

Answer 2

The belief in more than one god

Question 3

Ziggurat

Answer 3

A pyramid shaped tower with a temple at the top

Question 4

Cuneiform

Answer 4

A Sumerian writing system that used wedge shaped marks made in soft clay

Question 5

Scribe

Answer 5

A person who copies or writes out documents; often a record keeper

Question 6

Epic

Answer 6

A long poem that tells the story of a hero

Question 7

Civilization

Answer 7

A group of people who have a high level or culture and order

Question 8

What does a civilization have?

Answer 8

Science, art, government, values, and beliefs

Question 9

When did the first people stay in the Mesopotamia?

Answer 9

Around 7000 BC

Question 10

The first people in the Mesopotamia __________.

Answer 10

Hunted

Question 11

Why is the date 4000 BC important?

Answer 11

That is when people began farmi.

Question 12

Where did the people farm?

Answer 12

Between the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates)

Question 13

What created large amounts of surpluses?

Answer 13

Irrigation

Question 14

What did each city state have?

Answer 14

A government

Question 15

What do historians believe surrounded city states?

Answer 15

Large walls

Question 16

Each city state _____________________.

Answer 16

Claimed one god as its own

Question 17

The Upper class includes

Answer 17

Kings, priests, Warriors, and government workers

Question 18

The people in the upper class were….

Answer 18

Powerful and wealthy

Question 19

The middle class includes:

Answer 19

Farmers, fishers, and artisans.

Question 20

The middle class ________________.

Answer 20

Was the largest group.

Question 21

The lower class includes:

Answer 21

Enslaved people.

Question 22

The lower class_____________.

Answer 22

Had no money and no power.

Question 23

Sumerian city states were……

Answer 23

• ruled by a king
• had its own government
• grew its own crops
• worshiped many gods but claimed one as their own
• formed alliances with other city states
• owned surrounding land

Question 24

Who created the cuneiform?

Answer 24

Sumerians

Question 25

Who learned how to write cuneiform?

Answer 25

Very few people, some because scribes.

Question 26

What was cuneiform's use?

Answer 26

Recording data

Question 27

What is the oldest known story?

Answer 27

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 28

Who were the first to use the wheel?

Answer 28

Sumerians

Question 29

Name 3 Sumerian inventions.

Answer 29

- sailboats - wooden plows - bronze

Question 30

What was bronze made out of?

Answer 30

Copper and Tin

Question 31

Empire

Answer 31

A group of many different lands under one ruler

Question 32

How did the city states weaken?

Answer 32

By fighting each other.

Question 33

What kingdom was in the northern Mesopotamia?

Answer 33

The kingdom of Akkad

Question 34

Who was Akkad's leader?

Answer 34

Sargon

Question 35

What was Sargon the leader of?

Answer 35

Akkad

Question 36

(True or False) all at once Sargon defeated the Cory states of Sumer

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Sargon united ----------- and -------------- to form an empire.

Answer 37

Akkad and Sumer

Question 38

What was the firm ever known empire formed?

Answer 38

The empire of Sargon

Question 39

Eventually the empire included_____________.

Answer 39

All of the Mesopotamia

Question 40

How long did Sargon's empire last?

Answer 40

More than 200 years

Question 41

Who was located in west Mesopotamia?

Answer 41

A group called the Amorites.

Question 42

When did the Amorites take over Mesopotamia?

Answer 42

1800s BC

Question 43

Who was king for Babylon?

Answer 43

Hammurabi

Question 44

How was the Babylonian empire formed?

Answer 44

- the Amorites took over the Mesopotamia - the Amorites build cities in the Mesopotamia, including Babylon - Hammurabi conquers the Amorites and forms the Babylonian empire then becomes king

Question 45

(True or False) Hammurabi was an unfair ruler.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

What was hammurabi's code called?

Answer 46

An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth

Question 47

Around 900 BC who began to take over the Mesopotamia?

Answer 47

The Assyrians

Question 48

Where were the Assyrians located?

Answer 48

Northern Mesopotamia

Question 49

What was the major city of the Assyrian empire?

Answer 49

Nineveh

Question 50

4 things the Assyrian empire did/had

Answer 50

- divided into provinces - ruled by a king - used law codes - roads connected provinces

Question 51

About how long did the Assyrian empire last?

Answer 51

300 years

Question 52

What weakened the Assyrian empire?

Answer 52

Fights about who would be the next ruler.

Question 53

Who defeated the Assyrians?

Answer 53

The Chaldeans

Question 54

What did the Chaldeans make their capital?

Answer 54

Babylon

Question 55

Who was the first ruler of the Chaldeans or new Babylonian empire

Answer 55

King Nabopolassar

Question 56

Who took control after Nabapolassar?

Answer 56

King Nebuchadnezzar

Question 57

What surrounded the city of Babylon after it was rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar?

Answer 57

Large walls

Question 58

Who built the hanging gardens?

Answer 58

King Nebuchadnezzar

Question 59

Babylon. Grew rich in the trade of _________.

Answer 59

Cloth, baskets, and jewelry

Question 60

The Chaldeans were the first to _____ and ________.

Answer 60

First sundial to measure time and they invented the seven day week system.