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Image Production . > Chapter 4,5,6 > Flashcards

Chapter 4,5,6 Flashcards

1
Q

When the imaging plate is irradiated, Stimulates electrons enters the ________ layers

A

Active

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2
Q

Scintillators are phosphor that

A

Produces LIGHT when absorbing X RAYS

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3
Q

During laser beam formation both ends of the laser reflect back and forth so that the atoms:

A

Bombard each other

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4
Q

Coherent lights is formed by the laser because the photons

A

Travel in the same direction

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5
Q

The layer of the imaging plate that traps the electrons during experiments is the ______layer

A

Active

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6
Q

Photoconductive are material that

A

Absorb X RAYS and produced ELECTRON S

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7
Q

In a flat panel detector, specialized silicon integrated circuit control

A

Lining scanning sequence

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8
Q

The type of flat panel detector that uses thin film of SILICON integrated with arrays of photodiode is known as

A

Amorphous silicon detector

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9
Q

The phosphor layer is made of phosphor from the ______ family

A

Barium fluorohalide

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10
Q

The imaging plate layer the absorb stimulating light and reflect emitted light is the _____

A

Color layer

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11
Q

Which of the following serves to protect against static build up, dust collection, and mechanical damage to the imaging plate

A

Felt material

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12
Q

Sends light in a forward direction, decreases resolution

A

The reflection layer

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13
Q

Detector performance is measured with all of the following except

A

Contrast

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14
Q

A device that acts like a SWITCH to send electrical charges to the image
processor in a direct conversion flat-panel detector is known as a ______
transistor.

A

Field effect

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15
Q

Each light photon is assigned a number during:

A

Digitization

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16
Q

Indirect conversion in flat-panel detectors is a ____-step process.

A

Two

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17
Q

CsI detectors use

A

Thin crystalline needles

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18
Q

The optical mirror in the reader

A

Directs the laser beam to the imaging plate surface

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19
Q

Contain photostimulable phosphor that traps electrons during exposure ( ionization occurs

A

Phosphor layer or active layer

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20
Q

Thin, tough, clear plastic protects the phosphor layer?

A

Protective layer

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21
Q

Absorbs and reduces static electricity?

A

Conductive layer

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22
Q

Semi- rigid material that produces strength?

A

Support

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23
Q

Soft polymer that protects the BACK of the cassette?

A

Backing layer

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24
Q

Interactions gives energy to electrons in the crystals, trapping them in an
area of the crystal known as?

A

The color or phosphor center

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25
Imaging plates ?
Are never completely erased
26
Residual trapped electrons are?
Too small to interfere with subsequent exposures
27
. At any point in time, a SINGLE LASER point radiates the image plate?
Point scan
28
Are based on simultaneous stimulation of the imaging plate one LINE at a time?
Line scan
29
The movement of the laser across the imaging plate also known as “scan”
Fast scan directions
30
A device that includes a photosensitive array and small pixels that convert light into electrical charges is known as a ______ transistor
thin-film
31
The movement of the imaging plate through the reader also known as “translation or subscan direction”
Slow Scan Direction
32
A laser creates and amplifies a narrow intense beam of ? ( LIGHT amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)
Coherent light
33
34). Most common laser?
Helium Neon Laser
34
The reader scans the plate with a
Red light in a zigzag pattern at 2ev
35
The extra energy allows trapped electrons toESCAPE the active layer where they emit visible
Blue light at 3ev
36
The photodetector amplifies the light and sends it to an
Adc
37
The laser scans across the imaging plate multiple times, this process is known as
Translation
38
The average fill factor of a DETECTOR is
50 to 80%
39
This system is highly efficient and takes up less fill space than CCDs
CMOS
40
CMOS stands for?
Complementary Metal Oxide Semi conductor
41
Output signal to signal - to - noise ratio
DQE ratio
42
The AMOUNT OF ELECTRONS produced relative to the incident light from the scintillator?
Quantum efficiency
43
Overfill of the dels will cause a
Blooming effect
44
The oldest indirect conversion digital radiography?
Charge Coupled Devices (CCD)
45
What is grain calibration used for
correct flaws in the detector
46
Detector performance measures
Numerical measurements of spatial resolution and DQE (Highest DQE is 1)
47
Each pixel contains
sensing and switching component
48
The most popular type of Amorphous silicon detector uses a
Csl scintillator
49
Phosphors that produce light when absorbing x-rays
Scintillators(Indirect capture)
50
Absorb x-rays resulting and produce an electrical charge
Photoconductors (Direct capture
51
KVP values outside of the range of 45-120 may be
Inconsistent amount of phosphor may produce little or too much excitation of phosphors
52
Insufficient phosphor stimulation
Too few photons no matter the kVp level will result in?
53
CR grid frequency 150 or higher is used to
ensure they don’t match up
54
Typical grid frequency is between
80 and 152 lines
55
A post exposure image manipulation that adds a black background to the original collimation edges ( Does NOT replace proper collimation)
Shuttering
56
TFT flat panel was introduced In?
1995
57
ComPuted RadiograPhy useS
PSP (where capture happens) then plate reader
58
TFT and has *AMORPHOUS SELENIUM * - (No light) - Has one steps
Direct Capture uses
59
What uses Cesium Iodide (CCD) , TFT AMORPHOUS SILICON * ( Creates light), and Has two steps
Indirect Capture
60
mAs was selected according to the?
Number of photons required for the body part
61
The more angled the beam,
The more elliptical the shape of the beam
62
Differing spatial resolution and inconsistent output signals depending on the position and ANGLE of the BEAM results in
elliptical shape of the beam
63
To correct the beam
It is shaped by special optics
64
Mirrors are used to ensure that the beam is
Positioned consistently
65
The typical THROUGHPUT is
50 cassettes per hour
66
Represents CHANGING VALUE as continuously variable physical quantities?
Analog
67
The thinner the phosphor layer,?
The higher the resolution
68
Systems erase the plate once a week by flooding it with bright ___ to REMOVE TRAPPED ELECTRONS left after the initial plate reading.
White Light
69
KVP was selected for?
Penetration and tissue type
70
mAs was selected according to the?
Number of photons required for the body part

Image Production . (6 decks)

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