Chapter 4

Question 1

a form of fiscal federalism where federal aid is given to the states with a few strings attached

Answer 1

block grants

Question 2

include project and formula grants and aim at assisting the states in areas such as health, income security, and education

Answer 2

categorical grants

Question 3

begun under Richard Nixon and known as the new federalism, this approach stressed the downsizing of the federal government and more reliance on revenue sharing and grants

Answer 3

competitive federalism

Question 4

developed during the New Deal, it is characterized by the federal government’s becoming more intrusive in what were traditionally state powers

Answer 4

cooperative federalism

Question 5

developed during President Lyndon Johnson’s administration, it was characterized by the Great Society programs, which placed a major responsibility on federally funded programs

Answer 5

creative federalism

Question 6

the earliest type of relationship established between the federal government and the states where the federal government’s powers were defined as delegated and the state government’s powers were reserved

Answer 6

dual federalism

Question 7

a concept of federalism where funding is appropriated by the federal government to the states with specific conditions attached; the legislation can be in the form of mandates

Answer 7

fiscal federalism

Question 8

those regulations passed by Congress or issued by regulatory agencies to the states with federal funds to support them

Answer 8

funded mandates

Question 9

federalism characterized by a national government exercising its power independently from state governments

Answer 9

layer cake federalism

Question 10

also known as cooperative federalism, it developed during the New Deal and is characterized by the federal government’s becoming more intrusive in what was traditionally states’ powers

Answer 10

marble cake federalism

Question 11

those regulations passed by Congress or issued by regulatory agencies to the states without federal funds to support them

Answer 11

unfunded mandates