Chapter 4-6 Flashcards
What are the types of cartilage?
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Articular, costal, respiratory, nasal cartilage
Where is elastic cartilage found?
Found: External Ear and epiglottis
Where is fibrocartilage found?
Menisci of knee; vertebral discs
What are the types of muscles?
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Describe skeletal muscle
Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations
Describe cardiac muscle
Branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions (intercalated discs).
Describe smooth muscle
Spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei; no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets.
What are the classification of burns?
1st degree
2nd degree
3rd degree
What are the characteristics of a 1st degree burn?
burns where the epidermal layer is the only layer damaged and it causes redness, edema, and pain.
What are the characteristics of a 2nd degree burn?
burns where the epidermal and upper dermal are damaged and causes blisters.
What are the characteristics of a 3rd degree burn?
burns all 3 layers of skin does not hurt because nerve fibers are burnt leaves victim susceptible to disease.
What is the ABCD rule?
The things that are watched for in cancerous moles: Asymmetry Border irregularity Color Diameter
Define asymmetry
The two sides of the pigmented spot or mole do not match
Define Border irregularity
The borders of the lesion exhibit indentions.
Define color
he pigmented spot contains several colors (blacks, browns, tans, and sometimes blues and reds).
Define Diameter
The spot is larger than 6mm in diameter (the size of a pencil eraser).
What is the function of the Epidermis ?
The outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tones and is protective shield for the body.
what is the function of the dermis?
which provides structure and support.
What is the function of the papillary layer of the dermis?
Highly vascularized, Borders the stratum basale of epidermis, Touch and pain receptors, On palms and soles, these papillae lie atop dermal ridges, which produce whorled epidermal ridges (fingerprints)
What is the function of the reticular layer of the dermis?
Collagen binds water, helping to hydrate the skin,
Elastin fibers give skin elasticity, Dense irregular connective tissue give skin strength, Contains LARGER blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerve fibers
What is the function of the hypodermis?
is a subcutaneous (just beneath the skin) fat that functions as insulation and padding for the body.
Describe a unit of bone and the structures found in it
The basic structural unit of compact bone; consists of central canal, lamellae (rings), lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi
What is the central canal?
a space running longitudinally through the centre of an osteon, containing blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
