Chapter 4

Question 1

tenancy

Answer 1

Rental of property To attract tenancy in NY Hudson River Valley Dutch and English manorial lords granted long tenancy leases w/ the right to sell improvements (ie. houses and barns) to the next tenant

Question 2

competency

Answer 2

A family’s ability to keep a household solvent and independent and to pass on that ability on to the next generation.

Question 3

coverture

Answer 3

A principle in English law that placed wives under the protection and authority of their husbands, so that they did not have independent legal standing

Question 4

household mode of production

Answer 4

A system of exchanging goods and labor that helped 18th century New England freeholders survive on ever-shrinking farms as available land became more scarce

Question 5

squatters

Answer 5

Someone who settles on land he or she does not own or rent.

Question 6

redemptioner

Answer 6

Common type of indentured servant in the middle colonies in the 18th century. Redemptioners did not sign a contract before leaving Europe. They found employers after arriving in America

Question 7

Enlightment

Answer 7

18th century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason to reevaluate previously accepted doctrines and traditions and the power of reason to understand and shape the world

Question 8

Pietism

Answer 8

Christian revival movement characterized by Bible study, the conversion experience and the individuals personal relationship with God. Began as an effort to reform the German Lutheran Church in the mid- seventeenth century and became widely influential in Britain and it’s colonies in the 18th century

Question 9

natural rights

Answer 9

The rights to life, liberty and property

Question 10

deism

Answer 10

Enlightenment-influenced belief that the Christian God created the universe then left it to run according to natural law

Question 11

revival

Answer 11

Renewal of religious enthusiasm in a Christian congregation. 17th century revivals were inspired by evangelical preachers who urged their listeners to experience a rebirth

Question 12

Old Lights

Answer 12

Conservative ministers opposed to the passion displayed by evangelical preachers; they preferred to emphasize the importance of cultivating a virtuous Christian life

Question 13

New Lights

Answer 13

Christian faith that was merely intellectual and emphasized the importance of a spiritual rebirth

Question 14

consumer revolution

Answer 14

An increase in consumption in English manufacturers in Britain and the British colonies fueled by the Industrial Revolution. Although the consumer revolution raised living standards, it landed many consumers and the colonies as a whole in debt.

Question 15

Regulators

Answer 15

Land owning protesters who organized in North and South Carolina in the 1760s and 1770s to demand that the Eastern controlled govt provide the western districts with more courts, fairer taxation, and greater representation in the assembly