Chapter 4 Flashcards
(78 cards)
1
Q
bi-
A
two, twice, double
2
Q
-cele
A
Hernia, tumor, swelling
3
Q
dys-
A
Bad, difficult, or painful
4
Q
fasci/o
A
Fascia, fibrous band
5
Q
fibr/o
A
fibrous tissue, fiber
6
Q
-ia
A
Abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium
7
Q
-ic
A
Pertaining to
8
Q
kines/o
A
Movement
9
Q
kinesi/o
A
Movement
10
Q
my/o
A
Muscle
11
Q
-plegia
A
Paralysis, stroke
12
Q
-rrhexis
A
Rupture
13
Q
tax/o
A
Coordination, order
14
Q
ten/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
15
Q
tend/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
16
Q
tendin/o
A
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
17
Q
ton/o
A
Stretching, tension
18
Q
tri-
A
Three
19
Q
abduction
A
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the
body
20
Q
adduction
A
Movement of a limb towards the midline of the body
21
Q
adhesion
A
A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
22
Q
ataxia
A
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement
23
Q
atonic
A
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength
24
Q
atrophy
A
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures
25
bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement
26
carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then creates pressure on the median nerve
27
chronic fatigue syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity
28
circumduction
The circular movement at the far end of a limb
29
contracture
The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues
30
dorsiflexion
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
31
dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulted in fragmented or jerky motions
32
dystonia
A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
33
electromyography
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation
34
epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
35
ergonomics
The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment
36
exercise physiologist
A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercises programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
37
fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia
38
fibromyalgia
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.
39
ganglion cyst
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist
40
heel spur
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone
41
hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
42
hemiplegia
Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body
43
hernia
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it
44
hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased motor function or activity; also known as hyperactivity
45
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal
| muscles.
46
impingement syndrome
Inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
47
insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon
48
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest
49
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system
50
myasthenia gravis
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
51
myocele
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it
52
myoclonus
The quick involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
53
myofascial release
A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome
54
myolysis
The degeneration of muscle tissue
55
myoparesis
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
56
myorrhaphy
Surgical suturing of a muscle
57
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle
58
oblique
Slanted or at an angle
59
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton
60
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve
supply
61
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
62
physiatrist
A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
63
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
64
polymyositis
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
65
pronation
The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
66
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
67
sarcopenia
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging
68
shin splint
A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone)
69
singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups
70
sphincter
A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
71
sprain
An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn
72
tenodesis
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
73
tenolysis
The release of a tendon from adhesions
74
tenorrhaphy
The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
75
tenosynovitis
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon
76
tenotomy
A surgical incision into a tendon
77
torticollis
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; also known as wryneck
78
transverse
In a crosswise direction
