Chapter 4 - Body Structure Flashcards by Miranda Dawson

Abdominopelvic regions

Epigastric region

Upper middle region

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Abdominopelvic quadrant

Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

Left lobe of the liver, stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestines.

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Transverse (horizontal) plane

Divides the body into top and bottom sections.

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Distal

Further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment to the body.

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Abduction

Movement away from the midsagittal (median) Plane of the body or one of its parts.

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Abdominopelvic regions

Right hypochondriac region

Upper right lateral region beneath the ribs

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Prone

Lying on the abdomen, face down

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Ventr/o

Belly, belly side

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Viscer/o

Internal organs

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Infer/o

Lower, below

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Inversion

Turning inward or inside out

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Abdominal cavity

Contains the liver, stomach, intestines, and kidneys.

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Etiology

The study of the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition.

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Abdominopelvic regions
Right inguinal (iliac)

Lower right lateral region

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Coronal (frontal) plane

Divides the body into an anterior and posterior section.

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Abdominopelvic regions

Right lumbar region

Middle right lateral region

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Adduction

Movement toward the midsagittal (median) plane of the body.

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Anterior (ventral)

Front of the body

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Cyt/o

Cell

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Cirrh/o

Yellow

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Dorsal cavity

Located on the back of the body (posterior)

Divided into cranial cavity and spinal cavity.

Continuous; no wall or structure separates the cranial cavity from the spinal cavity.

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Superficial

Toward the surface of the body (external)

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Adduction

the movement of a limb or other part toward the midline of the body or toward another part.

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Midsagittal plane

Runs through the center of the body, dividing the body into right and left halves.

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Xer/o

Dry

Cyan/o

Blue

Abdomin/o

Abdomen

Abduction

Movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body, or from another part.

Pelvic cavity

Positioned inferior to the abdominal cavity, Contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs, Such as the uterus and prostate gland.

Signs

Objective indicators that are observable.

Crani/o

Cranium (skull)

Poli/o

Gray; gray matter (of the brain or spinal cord)

Pelv/i

Pelvis

Abdominopelvic quadrant | Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Part of the small and large intestines, the left ovary, the left fallopian tube, and the left ureter.

Dist/o

Far, farthest

Prognosis

Prediction of the course of the disease and it’s probable outcome.

Chrom/o

Color

Anatomical position

Body posture used among anatomists and clinicians As a position of reference to ensure uniformity and consistency in locating anatomical parts or divisions of the human body.

Homeostasis

A stable internal environment that provides a narrow range of temperature, water, acidity, and salt concentration.

Nucle/o

Nucleus

Inferi/o

Below

Path/o

Disease

Lumb/o

Loins, lower back

Thoracic cavity

Separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm. Contains the lungs and heart.

Later/o

Side, to one side

Medial

Pertaining to the middle of the body or structure.

Hist/o

Tissue

Symptom (Sx)

Subjective indicator of disease

``` Abdominopelvic regions Left inguinal (iliac) ```

Lower left lateral region

Chlor/o

Green

Spin/o

Spine

Five levels of organization relevant to understanding anatomy, Physiology, and pathology:

The cells, tissues, organs, systems, and organism.

Palmar

Pertaining to the palm of the hand

Anter/o

Anterior, front

Diagnosis (Dx)

Cause and nature of a disease, helps in the selection of a treatment (Tx).

Ventral cavity

Divided into the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.

Leuk/o

White

Abdominopelvic regions | Left lumbar Region

Middle left lateral region

Supine

Lying horizontally on the back, face up

Plantar

Pertaining to the sole of the foot

Abdominopelvic quadrant | Right lower quadrant (RLQ)

Part of the small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right fallopian tube, and right ureter

Son/o

Sound

Superior (cephalad)

Toward the head or upper portion of a structure

Tom/o

To cut

Acr/o

Extremity

Spinal cavity

Formed by the back bone (spine), Contains the spinal cord

Abdominopelvic regions | Hypogastric

Lower middle region

Abdominopelvic cavity

Further divided into the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.

Albin/o

White

Inferior (caudal)

Away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of the structure

Xanth/o

Yellow

Disease

When homeostasis is disrupted and cells, tissues, organs, or systems are an able to function effectively. Pathological, or morbid, condition that presents a group of signs, symptoms, and clinical findings.

Posterior (dorsal)

Back of the body

Somat/o

Body

Deep

Away from the surface of the body (internal)

Blood chemistry analysis

Laboratory test, usually performed on serum, To determine bio chemical in balance is, abnormalities, and nutritional conditions.

What are the five divisions of the spine, corresponding to the vertebrae located in the spinal column?

Cervical (neck), thoracic chest, lumbar (loin), sacral (lower back), coccyx (tailbone)

Morph/o

Form, shape, structure

Umbilic/o

Navel

Proximal

Nearer to the center trunk of the body or to the point of attachment to the body

Kary/o

Nucleus

Pelv/o

Pelvis

Abdominopelvic regions | Left hypochondriac region

Upper left lateral region beneath the ribs

Erythr/o

Red

Muscle tissue

Provides the contractile tissue of the body, which is responsible for movement.

Gastr/o

Stomach

Radi/o

Radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)

ili/o

Ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)

Idi/o

Unknown, peculiar

Thorac/o

Chest

Abdominopelvic regions | Umbilical region

Region of the Naval

Abdominopelvic quadrant | Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestines

Cervic/o

Neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)

Eversion

Turning outward

Caud/o

Tail

Jaund/o

Yellow

Proxim/o

Near, nearest

Medi/o

Middle

Cephal/o

Head

Lateral

Pertaining to a side

Parietal

Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity

Cranial cavity

Formed by the school, contains the brain

Biopsy (bx)

Removal of a representative tissue sample from the body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis.

Poster/o

Back (of body), behind, posterior

Inguin/o

Groin

Melan/o

Black

Fasci/o

Fascia band (layer of fibrous tissue)