Chapter 4 Carbon Lecture

Question 1

Organic Chemistry

Answer 1

is the study of carbon compounds

Question 2

Organic compounds contains which atoms?

Answer 2

hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms

Question 3

Living organisms consists of which compounds?

Answer 3

Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish
living matter are all composed of carbon compounds

Question 4

How many covalent bonds can carbon form?

Answer 4

4 covalent bonds with a variety of atoms

this ability can make large, complex molecules

Question 5

four bonds

Answer 5

Tetrahedral shape

Question 6

2 carbon atoms joined by a double bond

Answer 6

the atoms joined to the carbon are in the same plane as the carbons

Question 7

Valence electron

Answer 7

(Group number in which the element is in) Group 7 Halogens

Question 8

Hydrocarbons

Answer 8

are organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen

Examples, many fats

Question 9

Hydrocarbons can undergo reactions that release a

Answer 9

Large amount of ENERGY.

Question 10

Isomers

Answer 10

are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties

Question 11

Enantiomers

Answer 11

are isomers that are mirror images of each other

Question 12

Testosterones

Answer 12

male sex hormone

Question 13

estradiol

Answer 13

female sex hormone

Question 14

Functional groups

Answer 14

are the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions

Question 15

7 chemical functional groups

Answer 15

1) Hydroxy 2) Carbonyl 3) Carboxyl 4) Amino
5) Sulfhydryl
6) Phosphate
7) Methyl Group

Question 16

The number and arrangement of functional groups give each molecule its unique properties

Answer 16

The first 6 are hydrophillic & increase the solubility of organic compounds in water

Question 17

ATP

Answer 17

adenosine triphosphate

Question 18

What is ATP?

Answer 18

1 phosphate molecule, is the primary energy-transferring molecule in the cell

Question 19

ATP consists of an organic molecule

Answer 19

called adenosine attached to a string of 3 phosphate groups

Question 20

The phosphate functional group gives the molecule a negative charge

Answer 20

and gives it the potential to react with water, releasing energy