Chapter 4- CNS & PNS Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 4- CNS & PNS Deck (24)
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1
Q

What does CNS stand for?

A

Central nervous system

2
Q

What does PNS stand for?

A

Peripheral nervous system

3
Q

What is the Peripheral Nervous System divided into?

A

The autonomic and somatic systems

4
Q

What is the Central Nervous System divided into?

A

The brain and spinal cord

5
Q

What is the AUTONOMIC system divided into?

A

Parasympathetic and sympathetic

6
Q

What is the SOMATIC system divided into?

A

Motor and sensory

7
Q

What is the role of the CNS?

A

It enables the brain to communicate with the rest of the body.

Sends neurotransmissions from the brain to the PNS and vice versa.

8
Q

What is the role of the PNS?

A

Communicates messages from the Body’s organs, glands and muscles to the CNS.

Communicate messages from the CNS to the body’s organs, glands and muscles

9
Q

What is the SOMATIC system responsible for?

A

Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

Communicated via motor neurones from the CNS to particular muscles that an organism intends to move.

10
Q

What is the AUTONOMIC system responsible for?

A

Communication of information between the CNS and the body’s non skeletal muscles as well as internal organs and glands.

E.g digestion and heartbeat

It contacts blood vessels, liver sweat glands ect.

11
Q

What is the SYMPATHETIC nervous system responsible for?

A

The fight, flight and freeze response.

It becomes active in times of stress and survival

12
Q

What is the PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system responsible for?

A

Responsible for maintaining day to day bodily functions such as digestion, heart rate and regulating steady breathing

Known as homeostasis

13
Q

What are the three types of Neurones?

A

Motor, sensory and interneurone

14
Q

What are the components of a neuron

A

Dendrites, axon, terminal buds, myelin sheath, soma, synapse

15
Q

What’s the role of the DENDRITE and what is it?

A

It’s the tree like structure on the end of a neuron.

It’s role is to receive info from other neurons, via the synapse and send it to the cell body or soma

16
Q

What’s the role of the SOMA and what is it?

A

It is the cell body and controls metabolism and maintenance of the cell

17
Q

What’s the role of the AXON and what is it?

A

It is the nerve fibre that carries info away from the cell body to the terminal buds

18
Q

What’s the role/s of MYELIN and what is it?

A

It is the fatty substance that covers the axon. It’s roles are to speed up the messages travelling through the neuron and protect/insulate the axon from other neurons.

It’s produced by glial cells

19
Q

What’s is a Glial cell and what’s it’s role?

A

Not part of the neuron but the hold the neurons together and has 4 functions

Surround neuron and hold them in place
Supply nourishment and oxygen to the cell
Remove dead neurons
Insulate one neuron form another to increase speed of transmission, to do this they produce myelin

20
Q

Explain the process of communication between neurons.

A

The dendrites receive info via the synapse and send the electrical impulses along the axon through to the soma and is then secreted out through the terminal buds

21
Q

What is a NEURAL PATHWAY?

A

It is the passage that a neurotransmission takes in the communication between cells

22
Q

What’s the SYNAPSE and what’s it’s role?

A

It is the junction between two neurons that partakes in the transmission of messages from one neuron to another.

23
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

Simple automatic response to a sensory stimulus

24
Q

How is information sent to and from the brain?

A

Sensory > Afferent > motor > efferent