Chapter 4 Defintions

Question 1

New product design and development projects

Answer 1

The transformation of a new market opportunity and/or new product technology into a set of specifications that define a product

Question 2

New process design and developments project

Answer 2

The transformation of product specifications and new process technology into a new or revised production system

Question 3

Product life cycle

Answer 3

A pattern of sales growth and decline over the period in which a product is offered

Question 4

Open innovation

Answer 4

An organizational effort to capture ideas and resources from sources outside the firm for use in innovation efforts

Question 5

Crowdsourcing

Answer 5

The process of obtaining ideas or services by soliciting contributions from a large group of people, especially from an online community

Question 6

Innovation portfolio planning

Answer 6

The process of selecting and prioritizing innovation projects to ensure that they are inconsistent with the firms strategy and development capacity

Question 7

Early supplier involvement (ESI)

Answer 7

A Co development approach in which suppliers participate directly in product design activities

Question 8

Stage-gate process

Answer 8

A disciplined approach that defines specific criteria for each project stage that must be completed before proceeding to the next stage

Question 9

Concurrent Engineering

Answer 9

The simultaneous design and development of all the processes and information needed to produce, sell, distribute, and service a product

Question 10

Voice of the customer (VOC)

Answer 10

Research efforts that gather detailed data describing customers wishes, needs, likes, and dislikes regarding specific product features and functionalities

Question 11

Beta testing

Answer 11

An approach in which customers use product prototype versions and provide feedback to developers

Question 12

Quality function deployment (QFD)

Answer 12

A method for translating ordinary language used to describe customer needs into engineering language used to set product and process design parameters

Question 13

Customer requirements planning matrix

Answer 13

A template that guides identification and translation of customer requirements into product features

Question 14

House of quality

Answer 14

A template that guides identification and translation of customers requirements into product features

Question 15

Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)

Answer 15

A procedure for identifying and correcting potential quality problems inherent to product or process designs

Question 16

Risk priority number (RPN)

Answer 16

A rating used in FMEA to indicate the combined probability, severity, and undetectability of a failure mode

Question 17

Value engineering/value analysis

Answer 17

A method to improve the benefits and costs of a product through a detailed examination of its function

Question 18

Design for manufacture (DFM)

Answer 18

An umbrella term that describes methods and tools that focus design activities on improving the ease with which products can be produced

Question 19

Producibility

Answer 19

A measure of the speed, ease, cost efficiency , and reliability with which a product can be produced

Question 20

Design for assembly

Answer 20

Focus on minimizing the number of parts in a product and easing the assembly processes

Question 21

Design for product serviceability

Answer 21

Focus on easing product disassembly and reusing product components

Question 22

Design for six sigma

Answer 22

Focus on systematically evaluating the consistency with which a good or service can be produced or delivered given the capabilities of the processes used

Question 23

Robust design

Answer 23

Focus on designing product that can be made consistently even with varying inputs and operating conditions

Question 24

Components standardization

Answer 24

Reusing part designs across multiple products in order to reduce development and production costs.

Question 25

Modular product design

Answer 25

Using combinations of components with standardized product interfaces to create different product variations

Question 26

Design for logistics

Answer 26

Focus on minimizing packaging, handling and shipping costs for products

Question 27

Computer aided design (CAD)

Answer 27

Systems that automate the development of drawings and technical specification

Question 28

Computer-aided Engineering (CAE)

Answer 28

Systems that crate and analyze three-dimensional product models, reducing the need to build physical prototypes

Question 29

3D printing

Answer 29

Also called additive manufacturing , this process makes products by putting down successive layer of thin material such as plastic, metal, ceramics, or food

Question 30

Group technology

Answer 30

An approach to work layout and scheduling that gathers in one location all of the equipment and work skills necessary to complete production of a family of a similar products

Question 31

Product life cycle management (PLM)

Answer 31

A software-facilitated process used to capture and share all the information needed to define products throughout their life