Chapter 4 Diagnostic Procedures & Therapeutic Interventions

Question 1

diagnosis (Dx)

Answer 1

identification of disease by evaluation of signs, symptoms, history, and procedures

Question 2

prognosis

Answer 2

predicted outcome of a disease

Question 3

acute

Answer 3

having a short and severe course

Question 4

chronic

Answer 4

existing over a long time

Question 5

signs

Answer 5

objective evidence of an illness that are perceived by an examiner (fever, rash, evidence from lab test)

Question 6

symptoms (Sx)

Answer 6

subjective evidence perceived by the patient (pain, nausea)

Question 7

radiologic

Answer 7

relating to use of radiation

Question 8

specimen

Answer 8

small sample or part taken from the body to represent the nature of the whole

Question 9

pulse (P)

Answer 9

rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs when the heart beats; count of heart beats per minute

Question 10

respiration (R)

Answer 10

exchange of O2 and CO2 within the body; breathing; respiratory rate is number of breaths per minute

Question 11

tympanic thermometer

Answer 11

used to measure body temperature using probe placed at the external opening of the ear canal

Question 12

blood pressure (BP)

Answer 12

pressure exerted by circulating volume of blood on the walls of the arteries and veins and on the chambers of the heart

Question 13

systolic pressure

Answer 13

higher BP reading; pressure where blood spurts into constricted artery and sounds are heard

Question 14

diastolic pressure

Answer 14

lower BP reading; pressure where blood begins to flow freely again and sound is no longer heard

Question 15

inspection

Answer 15

part of physical exam when examiner uses eyes and ears to observe and listen to the patient; could reveal superficial abnormalities such as rash

Question 16

palpation

Answer 16

part of physical exam when examiner feels the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts with the hands; could reveal deep abnormalities such as enlarged liver

Question 17

percussion

Answer 17

part of physical exam when examiner taps the body with the fingertips or fist to evaluate the size, borders, and consistency of internal organs and to determine the amount of fluid in a body cavity

Question 18

auscultation

Answer 18

part of the physical exam when examiner listens for sounds within the body to evaluate the heart, blood vessels, lungs, intestines, or other organs, or to detect fetal heart sound

Question 19

stethoscope

Answer 19

instrument consisting of 2 earpieces connected by flexible tubing used to hear sounds within the body

Question 20

endoscope

Answer 20

illuminated instrument for the visualization of the interior of a body cavity or organ usually inserted through a natural opening

Question 21

catheter

Answer 21

hollow flexible tube that can be inserted into a cavity of the body to withdraw or instill fluids, perform tests, or visualize a vessel or cavity

Question 22

invasive procedure

Answer 22

requires entry of a body cavity (cardiac catheterization) or interruption of normal body function (surgical incision)

Question 23

computed radiography

Answer 23

image data are converted to electronic signals, digitized, and immediately displayed on a monitor or recorded on film

Question 24

ech/o, son/o

Answer 24

sound

Question 25

electr/o

Answer 25

electricity

Question 26

fluor/o

Answer 26

emitting or reflecting light

Question 27

radi/o

Answer 27

radiant energy

Question 28

tom/o

Answer 28

to cut

Question 29

ultra-

Answer 29

excessive

Question 30

radiograph

Answer 30

an x-ray image; air appears black, fat/muscle/tissue gray, bone and metal very light or white

Question 31

radiopaque

Answer 31

substances that do not permit the passage of x-rays

Question 32

radiolucent

Answer 32

substances that readily permit the passage of x-rays

Question 33

computed tomography (CT or CAT)

Answer 33

uses ionizing radiation to produce a detailed image of a cross section of tissue, similar to what one would see if the body or body part are actually cut into sections

Question 34

tomogram

Answer 34

record produced from CT (CAT) scan

Question 35

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 35

creates images of internal structures based on the magnetic properties of chemical elements within the body; uses powerful magnetic field and radio wave pulses rather than ionizing radiation such as x-rays

Question 36

ultrasonography, ultrasound imaging, sonography

Answer 36

process of imaging deep structures of the body by sending and receiving high-frequency sound waves that are reflected back as echoes from internal tissues and structures

Question 37

sonogram, echogram

Answer 37

record produced from ultrasonography

Question 38

fluoroscopy

Answer 38

the visual examination of an internal organ using a fluoroscope; offers continuous x-ray imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images, such as during surgery

Question 39

radiopharmaceuticals

Answer 39

radioactive medicinal drugs

Question 40

positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer 40

nuclear medicine scan that combines computed tomography and radioactive substances to produce enhanced images of selected body structures, such as the heart, blood vessels, and brain

Question 41

radiotherapy

Answer 41

the treatment of tumors using radiation to destroy cancer cells

Question 42

algesi/o

Answer 42

sensitivity to pain

Question 43

chem/o

Answer 43

chemical

Question 44

pharmac/o, pharmeceut/i

Answer 44

drugs or medicine

Question 45

plast/o

Answer 45

repair

Question 46

therapeut/o

Answer 46

treatment

Question 47

tox/o

Answer 47

poison

Question 48

-therapy

Answer 48

treatment