Chapter 4 - Digestive System

Question 1

What is digestion

Answer 1

Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small soluble food molecules

Question 2

What are the 2 types of digestion

Answer 2

Physical : broken down by teeth and muscles in the digestive system

Chemical : broken down by enzymes

Question 3

What is an enzyme

Answer 3

It is a biological catalyst

Question 4

What is a catalyst

Answer 4

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction

Question 5

Give an example of an enzyme

Answer 5

Amylase

Question 6

How does amylase work

Answer 6

It is found in the saliva in the mouth and the small intestine. It breaks down starch into maltose

Question 7

What is the substrate of amylase

Answer 7

The substrate is the substance on which the enzyme acts on

Substrate of amylase = starch

Question 8

What is the product of amylase

Answer 8

The product is the substance that is formed as a result of a reaction

Product of amylase = maltose

Maltose is a reducing sugar

Question 9

What are the stages in human nutrition

Answer 9

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Egestion

Question 10

Don’t forget the experiment for investigating the action of amylase on starch ( pg 28 )

Answer 10

Test tube A = saliva and starch solution ( add Benedicts solution after water bath. Then return to water bath )

Test tube B = water and starch solution ( add Benedicts solution after water bath. Then return to water bath )

Test tube C = half of test tube A ( after water bath with no Benedicts solution ) and a few drops of iodine

Test tube D = half of test tube B ( after water bath with no Benedicts solution ) and a few drops of iodine

Question 11

What are the results for each test tube

Answer 11

Test tube A = changed from blue to red
Test tube B = stayed blue
Test tube C = stayed orange/brown
Test tube D = changed from orange/brown to black/purple

Question 12

Don’t forget the conclusions

Answer 12

Don’t forget the conclusions

Question 13

Remember diagram of digestive system

Answer 13

Remember diagram of digestive system

Question 14

Function of the mouth

Answer 14

The food is chewed and mixed with saliva

Question 15

Function of the oesophagus

Answer 15

Carries food from the mouth to the stomach my muscular action

Question 16

Function of the stomach

Answer 16

It is a muscular bag that hold food. The muscles mix the food and the digestive juices. Hydrochloric acid is produced by the stomach to kill bacteria and other germs

Question 17

Function of the liver

Answer 17

It produces bile which helps to digest fats. It sorts and stores some food

Question 18

Function of the gall bladder

Answer 18

Stores the bile. Located in the liver

Question 19

Function of the pancreas

Answer 19

Produces digestive enzymes. They pass into the small intestine to help break down food

Question 20

Function of the small intestine

Answer 20

More enzymes are added to complete the break down of the food. The digested food now passes from the small intestine into the bloodstream.

Question 21

Function of the large intestine

Answer 21

The main function of the large intestine is to take water back into the bloodstream. This helps prevent the body becoming dehydrated.

Question 22

Function of the rectum

Answer 22

Where fesses are stored

Question 23

Function of the anus

Answer 23

Where fesses are released

Question 24

Name the 4 different types of teeth

Answer 24

• Incisor
• Canine
• Premolar
• Molar

Question 25

Function of the incisor

Answer 25

Found at the front of the mouth. Function is cutting and biting

Question 26

Function of the canine

Answer 26

Found at the sides near the front of the mouth. Function is tearing food

Question 27

Function of the premolar

Answer 27

Found near the back of the mouth. Function is crushing and grinding

Question 28

Function of the molar

Answer 28

Found at the very back of the mouth. Function is crushing and grinding