Chapter 4 : Energy And Metabolism Flashcards
(22 cards)
What forms do energy happen ? (5)
Light Heat Electrical Chemical Motion
What is energy ?
The capacity to do work
What is the study of hear and other forms of energy ?
Thermodynamics
What is the first law of thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
What is the second law of thermodynamics
Energy tends to disperse spontaneously. And without external influences the entropy of a system increases overtime.
Enzymes normally end in _____?
-Ase
Enzymes work by acting on particular______?
Substrates
Factors that can cause the denature of an enzyme
Extremes of temperature
Extremes of pH
Alcohol
Metal ions
Catabolic reactions build up rather than breakdown, True or false?
False
______ Is defined as the spontaneous spreading of molecules.
Diffusion
Factors that affect the rate of diffusion
Size, temperature, concentration, pressure & charge
Why does diffusion occur?
Atoms and molecules bouncing into one another!
The diffusion of water across the cell membrane is called______
Osmosis
The relative concentration of solutes in one solution compared to another?
Tonicity
Two solutions are____ If they have the same solute concentration
Isotonic
If it has a lower solute concentration then it is ?
Hypotonic
If it has a higher solute concentration than it is?
Hypertonic
This type of transport across the membrane does not require energy and Is thus referred to as ?
Passive transport or facilitated diffusion
To do this energy must be expended
Active transport
Substances outside of the cell membrane are taking up, vesicles form around them, and the vesicles moved into the cell. This is called?
Endocytosis
_____ Is a special kind of Endocytosis in which cells engulf targets with temporary projections of the cell
Phagocytosis
In ______ vesicles with waste products/export materials moved to cell membrane, and the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane
Exocytosis
