Chapter 4: Evaluating Arguments & Reasoning

Question 1

How should you structure an argument outline?

Answer 1

1. Introduction
2. Body
3. Opposing Positions
4. Conclusion

Question 2

What is the best way to strngthen an argument?

Answer 2

Present statistics by citing data

Question 3

What is inductive validity?

Answer 3

Presenting reasonable support from the information given to see if it lines up with the conclusion

Question 4

What is deductive validity?

Answer 4

When you determine that the conclusion is not possible if the information presented proves false

Question 5

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 5

Starting with a generalization and then providing supporting details

Question 6

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 6

Starting with specific details that move into supporting a general or central statement

Question 7

How do you determine if an argument contains assumptions?

Answer 7

Determine if facts or evidence are present and be aware of absolutes (every, never, etc.)

Question 8

What should you take into acount when drawing a conclusion from a text?

Answer 8

1. The details presented
2. Prior knowledge

Question 9

How do you help beginning readers draw conclusions from a story?

Answer 9

Read aloud and stop periodically to ask questions they can answer using their own prior knowledge

Question 10

How can you help intermediate readers draw conclusions from a story?

Answer 10

Have them answer questions and discuss what has been read