Chapter 4: Gathering Data Flashcards
(21 cards)
Attempt to manipulate or influence subjects to gather data
Experiment
Measures a variable without manipulation
Observation
Method of gathering data that can prove causation
Experimentation
Method of gathering data and that cannot prove causation
Observation
Unbiased representative method of choosing subjects randomly
Simple random sampling
Population dividing into groups and then a few subjects are chosen from each group
Stratified sampling
Population divided into groups then all subjects of a few groups are chosen
Cluster sampling
Subjects that are easily obtained are chosen
Convenience sampling
Using a rule to select subjects (EX: every 10th member of a population chosen)
Systematic sampling
Property of a sampling method that consistently misestimated a parameter
Bias
Bias due to lack of randomness (EX: convenience or voluntary response)
Nonrandom
Bias due to some groups being excluded
Undercoverage
Bias due to subjects refusing to answer or not being reached
Nonresponse
Bias due to subjects giving false responses or questions being misleading
Response
Subject in which treatment is applied in an experiment
Unit
Condition applied to subject
Treatment
Independent variable that explains
Explanatory variable
Dependent variable that is the measured area
Response variable
Treatment in which neither researchers nor subjects know who is receiving what treatment
Double blind
Treatment in which only the subjects are unaware of who is receiving what treatment
Single blind
When a factor is associated with both response and explanatory and those two variable are then confused to be correlated
Confounding
