Chapter 4 - Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, and Fascism Flashcards
(27 cards)
A collection of ideas about the government, society, the economy and human nature.
Political Ideology
An intellectual movement in the mid eighteenth century which emphasized the power of human reason
Enlightenment
Idea that all people should be subjected to laws
Rule of Law
A form of liberalism that emphasizes the desirability of limited government and free market
Classical Liberalism
A system where privately owned businesses, workers and consumers interact with the marketplace with no government intervention
Laissez-Faire Economics
A form of liberalism that supports individual freedom with the belief that the government can intervene only when it it can remove restrictions on individual freedom
Reform Liberalism
A perspective that has a strong belief in the free marketplace and opposition to government intervention in the economy.
Neo-Liberalism
A perspective that supports order, stability, authority, and tradition, and views that humans are inherently imperfect and with a limited capacity to reason.
Conservatism
A conservative who favours a return to values or institutions of the past
Reactionary
A government that ensures that all citizens have a decent standard of living and provides an economical protection net.
Welfare State
A perspective that combines free-market capitalism and limited government and traditional cultural and moral values
New Right
A perspective that capitalism undermines the co-operative nature of humanity.
Socialism
The view that historical development and society and politics can be understood in the way society organizes material goods.
Historical Materialism
A system where private property has been replaced with collective property and everyone has communal ownership. People are able to take what they need.
Communism
The version of Marxism in which the capitalist system can only be taken over by force.
Leninism
A perspective that capitalism undermines the co-operative nature of humanity.
Socialism
The view that historical development and society and politics can be understood in the way society organizes material goods.
Historical Materialism
A system where private property has been replaced with collective property and everyone has communal ownership. People are able to take what they need.
Communism
The version of Marxism in which the capitalist system can only be taken over by force.
Leninism
The perspective that socialism should be achieved by democratic rather than revolutionary means. Voting and political rights should still be respecting
Democratic Socialism
The perspective that the government is the source of oppression and it should be replaced with a system based on voluntary co-operation.
Anarchism
A perspective that combines an aggressive form of nationalism with a strong belief in the naturalness of inequality and opposition to both liberal democracy and communism.
Fascism
A version of fascism that emphasizes racial conflict and the superiority of the “Aryan race”
Nazism
The systematic extinction of six million European Jews by the Nazis in WWII
Holocaust
