Chapter 4 Med Terminology

Question 1

cerebr/o

Answer 1

cerebrum (largest part of the brain)

Question 2

myel/o

Answer 2

spinal cord or bone marrow

Question 3

stere/o

Answer 3

three-dimensional or solid

Question 4

frontal lobe

Answer 4

anterior section of each cerebral hemisphere, responsible for voluntary muscle movement and personality

Question 5

fissures

Answer 5

deep grooves in the brain

Question 6

cranial nerves

Answer 6

12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain

Question 7

autonomic nervous

Answer 7

nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, adipose tissue, and various gland

Question 8

Glasgow coma scale (GCS)

Answer 8

a neurologic scale used to assess level of consciousness

Question 9

motor deficit

Answer 9

loss or impairment of muscle function

Question 10

paresthesia

Answer 10

abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause

Question 11

astereognosis

Answer 11

inability to judge the form of an object by touch (e.g. a coin from a key)

Question 12

cerebral embolism

Answer 12

obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain by an embolus (blood clot, air bubble, or fat deposit in a blood vessel) transported through the circulation

Question 13

encephalitis

Answer 13

inflammation of the brain

Question 14

meningioma

Answer 14

benign tumor of the coverings of the brain (the meninges)

Question 15

myasthenia gravis

Answer 15

autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, causing a progressive decrease in muscle strength; activity resumes and strength returns after a period of rest

Question 16

plegia

Answer 16

paralysis

Question 17

polysomnography (PSG)

Answer 17

recording of various aspects of sleep (e.g, eye and muscle movements, respiration, and EEG patterns) to diagnose sleep disorders

Question 18

extracranial MRA

Answer 18

magnetic resonance image of the neck to visualize the carotid artery circulation

Question 19

nuclear medicine imaging

Answer 19

radionuclide organ imaging

Question 20

Babinski sign

Answer 20

pathologic response to stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot; a positive sign is indicated when the toes dorsiflex (curl upward); also called Babinski reflex

Question 21

microsurgery

Answer 21

use of the microscope to dissect minute structures during surgery

Question 22

radiation therapy

Answer 22

treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to impede the proliferation of malignant

Question 23

analgesic

Answer 23

drug that relieves pain

Question 24

flat affect

Answer 24

significantly dulled emotional tone or outward reaction

Question 25

euphoria

Answer 25

an exaggerated, unfounded feeling of well-being

Question 26

dysthymia

Answer 26

a milder affective disorder characterized by chronic depression

Question 27

dyslexia

Answer 27

a development disability characterized by difficulty in understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs that affect reading, spelling, and self-expression

Question 28

bulimia nervosa

Answer 28

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion through induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise

Question 29

schizophrenia

Answer 29

a disease of brain chemistry causing a distorted cognitive and emotional perception of one's environment; symptoms include distortions of normal function (such as disorganized thought, delusions, hallucinations, and catatonic behavior), flat affect, apathy, and withdrawal from reality

Question 30

light therapy

Answer 30

use of specialized illuminating light boxes and visors to treat seasonal affective disorder