Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 Medical terms > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Medical terms Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

abduction

A

Movement of a limb away from the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

adduction

A

movement of a limb toward the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

adhesion

A

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ataxia

A

Lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

atonic

A

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

atrophy

A

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness in movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which create pressure on the median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chronic Fatigue syndrome

A

A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

circumduction

A

Circular movement at the far end of a limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Contracture

A

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dyskinesia

A

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dystonia

A

a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes impairment of voluntary muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Electromyography

A

A diagnostic test that measures electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Epicondylitis

A

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ergonomics

A

The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

exercise physiologist

A

A specialist who works under a physician’s supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fasciitis

A

inflammation of a fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ganglion cyst

A

a harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

heel spur

A

a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hemiparesis

A

slight paralysis or weakness affecting on side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hemiplegia

A

Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
hernia
the protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it
24
hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased motor function or activity; aka hyperactivity
25
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
26
Impingement syndrome
Inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
27
Insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon. Usually the most distal and more moveable end.
28
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest
29
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system
30
myasthenia gravis
a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
31
myocele
The herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it
32
myoclonus
The quick involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
33
myofascial release
A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome
34
myolysis
The degeneration of muscle tissue
35
myoparesis
weakness or slight muscular paralysis
36
myorrhaphy
surgical suturing of a muscle
37
neuromuscular
pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle
38
oblique
Slanted or at an angle
39
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton
40
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply
41
Paraplegia
paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
42
Physiatrist
a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
43
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
44
polymyositis
a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
45
Pronation
The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
46
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
47
Sacropenia
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging
48
Shin splint
A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia
49
singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups
50
Sphincter
A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
51
Sprain
an injury to a joint which occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn
52
tenodesis
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
53
Tenolysis
The release of a tendon from adhesions
53
Tenorrhapy
The surgical suturing of together of the divided ends of a tendon
54
tenosynovitis
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon
55
tenotomy
a surgical incision into a tendon
56
torticollis
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; aka wryneck
57
transverse
In a crosswise direction

Medical Terminology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions