Chapter 4- Organising Plants and Animals

Question 1

Substances that diffuse in and out of blood in these-

Answer 1

Capillaries

Question 2

Water is lost through them , and carbon dioxide let in through photosynthesis

Answer 2

Stomata

Question 3

Found in red blood cells and binds to oxygen to be transported into lungs-

Answer 3

Haemoglobin

Question 4

Makes blood flow in one direction-

Answer 4

Valves

Question 5

Artilleries, veins and capillaries

Answer 5

Main types of blood vessels

Question 6

Transports proteins and other chemicals around the body

Answer 6

Plasma

Question 7

Cell fragments that start the clotting process at wound sites

Answer 7

Platelets

Question 8

Helps to protect body against infection

Answer 8

White blood cells

Question 9

Tubelike structures that take blood places

Answer 9

Blood vessels

Question 10

Reduce cholesterol levels; reduces risk of heart disease

Answer 10

Statins

Question 11

Transports water from roots to stems and leaves

Answer 11

Xylem

Question 12

Transports sugars from leaves to rest of plant

Answer 12

Phloem

Question 13

Loss of water vapour from surface of dry leaves

Answer 13

Transpiration

Question 14

Factors that affect photosynthesis

Answer 14

Temperature, humidity, air flow, and light intensity

Question 15

What are the thorax?

Answer 15

Are the top part of the body where the lungs

Question 16

Where does the air you breath in go?

Answer 16

The trachea, which are split into two tubes called the bronchi (which each are the bronchus) which split into smaller tubes called bronchioles which end at the alveoli

Question 17

What are the circulatory system made up of?

Answer 17

Made up of heart, blood vessels and blood

Question 18

What are the three type of blood vessels? And what are their functions?

Answer 18

Arteries- carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries- involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues
Veins- there blood into the heart

Question 19

What cell carries oxygen?

Answer 19

Red blood cells and have a large surface area and don’t have a nucleus.

Question 20

What cells defend against infection?

Answer 20

White blood cells and engulf microorganisms in a process called phagocytosis and they do have a nucleus

Question 21

What cells help the blood clot?

Answer 21

These are called platelets and they get microorganisms because they stop the cells from clotting and they have no nucleus

Question 22

What cell carries everything in the blood?

Answer 22

The plasma carries nutrients, red and white blood cells, platelets, carbon dioxide, urea, hormones, proteins and antibodies and antitoxins

Question 23

What does coronary heart disease do?

Answer 23

It’s restricts the arteries so there’s a lack of oxygen

Question 24

What do stents do?

Answer 24

They keep the arteries open

Question 25

What do statins do?

Answer 25

They reduce cholesterol in the blood

Question 26

What is cancer caused by?

Answer 26

The uncontrollable cell growth and division

Question 27

What are plant cells organised into?

Answer 27

Tissues and organs

Question 28

What is transpiration?

Answer 28

It is caused by evaporation and diffusion. There is water drawn up from the roots and this is called a transpiration stream

Question 29

What is translocation?

Answer 29

Where transport is in both directions

Question 30

What is the rate of transportation effected by?

Answer 30

Light intensity, temperature, air flow and humidity

Question 31

What is used to estimate transpiration rates?

Answer 31

A potometer

Question 32

What does the right hand side do?

Answer 32

Pumps deoxygenated blood

Question 33

What does he left hand side do?

Answer 33

Pumps oxygenated cells around the body

Question 34

What does the left side of the heart have?

Answer 34

Left atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle

Question 35

What is on the right hand side of the heart?

Answer 35

Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right ventricle

Question 36

What is in the middle of the heart?

Answer 36

Septum | Semilunar valve

Question 37

What does the atria do?

Answer 37

Collects blood when it enters the heart

Question 38

What do the ventricles do?

Answer 38

Pump blood out of the heart, into the body

Question 39

What does the septum do?

Answer 39

It separates the left and right hand side of the heart

Question 40

What does the Tricuspid valve do?

Answer 40

Opens if there is a build up of pressure in the right atrium

Question 41

What does the Bicuspid valve do?

Answer 41

Opens if there is a build up of pressure in the left atrium

Question 42

What does the semilunar valve do?

Answer 42

It stops the back flow of blood into the heart